Case studies

Question 1

When was Haiti Earthquake?

Answer 1

2010

Question 2

What 2 plate margins are involved in the Haiti Earthquake?

Answer 2

North American plate and Caribbean plate.

Question 3

What magnitude was the Haiti earthquake?

Answer 3

7

Question 4

What are the primary effects of Haiti earthquake?

Answer 4

250 K deaths and 1 million homeless.
250 K homes and 30k buildings destroyed.
50+ hospitals and 1.3k schools badly damaged.

Question 5

What are the secondary effects of haiti earthquake?

Answer 5

1 in 5 people lost their jobs.
Cholera became a serious problem.
Difficult getting aid.

Question 6

What are the immediate responses of Haiti earthquake?

Answer 6

$100 million in aid given by USA and $330 million given by European Union.
810K people placed in aid camps.
115k tents provided.
Healthcare supplies provided to limit disease.

Question 7

What are the Long-term responses of Haiti earthquake?

Answer 7

Cash/food-for-work projects,
Temporary schools created.
Water and sanitation supplied.

Question 8

When was the Japan earthquake?

Answer 8

2011

Question 9

What is Haiti’s GDP?

Answer 9

$756

Question 10

What Is Japan’s GDP?

Answer 10

39,289

Question 11

What 2 tectonic plates were involved in the Japan earthquake?

Answer 11

pacific plate and North American plate

Question 12

What number was the Japan earthquake on the Richter scale?

Answer 12

9

Question 13

What are the Primary effects of the Japan earthquake?

Answer 13

16k deaths, 6k injured and 3k still missing.
300k buildings destroyed.
Total damages are estimated at $300 billion dollars.

Question 14

What are the secondary effects of the Japan earthquake?

Answer 14

4.4 million people left without electricity.
Radioactive materials escaped which will have long lasting impact on health of local people.
Resulted in a tsunami, height of 40.5 metres.

Question 15

What are the immediate responses of Japan earthquake?

Answer 15

Tsunami warning issued 3 minutes after the earthquake.
91 countries have offered aid.
modern innovations such as twitter were bringing updates much quicker than media.

Question 16

What are the Long-term responses of Japan earthquake?

Answer 16

Earthquake engineers are looking for ways to construct buildings to make them more resistant to earthquakes and tsunamis.
Stopping highly toxic radioactive water from sinking into the clean groundwater.

Question 17

When was the Tropical storm typhoon Haiyan Philippines?

Answer 17

2013

Question 18

What are the primary effects of typhoon Haiyan?

Answer 18

6.3k deaths
90% tacloban destroyed
Overall cost of damage $12 billion

Question 19

What are the secondary effects of typhoon Haiyan?

Answer 19

Fishing waters were contaminated due to oil tanker ran aground.
Damaged crops and jobs lost.

Question 20

What are the immediate responses for typhoon Haiyan?

Answer 20

Over 1.2k evacuation centres set up.
800k evacuated.
1 million food packs and 250k litres of water distributed.

Question 21

What are the Long-term responses for typhoon Haiyan?

Answer 21

‘cash for work’ programmes.
No-build zone.
Mangroves have been replanted to absorb future storm surges.

Question 22

When was the UK Extreme weather beast from the east?

Answer 22

2018

Question 23

What are the social impacts of the Beast from the east?

Answer 23

Man died after being pulled from a frozen lake, whilst there were 3 other reported deaths.
Hospital operations were cancelled.

Question 24

What are the economic impacts of the beast from the east?

Answer 24

British airways cancelled hundreds of short haul flights.
Major shopping centres and businesses closed early.

Question 25

What are the environmental impacts of the beast from the east?

Answer 25

Rural areas experienced temperature lows of -12 degrees celsius. Gusts of 60-70 mph. Up to 50cm of snow.

Question 26

What were the management strategies for beast from the east?

Answer 26

Met office issued 'red warnings'. Rail passengers were warned to avoid travelling to or from Scotland. Health staff transported.

Question 27

Where is the Uk Dorset coastline located?

Answer 27

South coast of England and sea part of atalantic ocean.

Question 28

Where is the Holderness Coast located?

Answer 28

The east coast of England.

Question 29

What is Geology? (A reason why coast is eroding so quickly)

Answer 29

The cliffs are made from less-resistant boulder clay which slumps when wet.

Question 30

Describe Naturally narrow beaches?

Answer 30

Give less protection to the coast as it doesn't reduce the power of the waves. This is because most material is moved by longshore drift.

Question 31

Why have groynes been installed to the holderness coast?

Answer 31

To stop long-shore drift.

Question 32

What are the management strategies for holderness coast?

Answer 32

Bridlington is protected by a 4.7 km long sea wall. Hornsea is protected by a sea wall, groynes and rock armour. Mappleton is protected by 2 rock groynes. Spurn head is protected with groynes and rock armour.

Question 33

What is bridlington protected by? | holderness coast

Answer 33

Protected by a 4.7km long sea wall

Question 34

What is hornsea protected by? | holderness coast

Answer 34

By a sea wall, groynes and rock armour

Question 35

What is spurn head protected by?

Answer 35

By groynes and rock armour

Question 35

What is mappleton protected by?

Answer 35

2 rock groynes. Cost £2 million in 1991.

Question 36

Where is the river tees located?

Answer 36

North of England.

Question 37

What is at the Upper course of the river?

Answer 37

Hard impermeable rocks. V shaped valley formed.

Question 38

What happens at the Middle course of the river?

Answer 38

As the river tees starts to erode sideways, it forms meanders.

Question 39

What happens in the lower course of the river?

Answer 39

Meanders are much larger, and oxbow lakes have formed. Has a very large estuary with mudflats and sandbanks which supports wildlife in the area.

Question 40

What did the enironmental agency do to prevent a Boscastle type of flood to happen again?

Answer 40

Invested £10 million into several flood defences.

Question 41

Why was the Boscastle scheme required?

Answer 41

200mm of rain fell within 4 hours. Ground was saturated from previous rain-storms.

Question 42

What was the drainage basin like in Boscastle?

Answer 42

Had steep slopes and areas of impermeable rock.

Question 43

How many tonnes of water flowed through Boscastle in one day?

Answer 43

2 million tonnes.

Question 44

What was the boscastle management strategy?

Answer 44

Widening and deepening the river channel - allowed river to carry more water.

Question 45

Why was it good to remove low bridges and replace them with larger bridges? | boscastle

Answer 45

This meant large amounts of water could flow freely underneath the bridge and bridge wouldnt act like a dam.

Question 46

What did raising the car park and using a permeable surface allow? | boscastle

Answer 46

This allowed cars to be much higher and so they were less likely to be swept away.

Question 47

Why were dead trees removed? | boscastle

Answer 47

to prevent them being swept away, causing blockages under bridges.

Question 48

What were social issues of boscastle management?

Answer 48

Took several years which meant lives of local people disrupted for a while. Risk of flooding has been reduced making boscastle safer new bridge is not popular with local people

Question 49

What were environmental issues of boscastle management?

Answer 49

Biodiversity has improved as have the river habitats. Vegetation in the area is now managed.

Question 50

What were the economic issues of boscastle management?

Answer 50

Risk of flooding has been reduced, less risk of damage to property and businesses. scheme cost over 10 mill

Question 51

What has increase in erosion at hill top farm because of the groynes used lead to?

Answer 51

Farms being destroyed by the erosion and the loss of 100 chalets at the golden sands holiday park.