case study- contribution of china to anthropogenic GHG emissions Flashcards
how would China’s economy be described up until the 1970s
despite China’s huge population, it can be described as very rural
up until the 1970s what was China very reliant on?
They were largely reliant on biofuels, such as timber and animal waste due to the economy being very rural
what happened after 1978 to Chinas economy
There was an abrupt U-turn of policy by Chinese leaders, which moved the country away from a strict command economy, and the country embraced the free market
what does economic liberalisation stimulate and what did China emerge as as a result?
It’s stimulated international trade and foreign direct investment, so China emerged as a major player in the global economy with economic growth, based on export led manufacturing
by 2019 what did China control?
Controlled 17.5% of the worlds exports which compared to 1% in 1970.
what was industrialisation accompanied by?
It was accompanied by urbanisation involving hundreds and millions of people
It was migration from real to urban areas in China in the past 40 years, which was the largest population movement in history
what has economic progress in China raised?
Average incomes to unpredicted levels
The GDP per capita is $299 (1980) to $12763 (2012)
What were China’s economic development and industrialisation made possible by?
massive energy consumption, mostly from huge indigenous reserves of coal which produce a large increase in carbon emissions
How many tons of coal did China consume in 2020?
4 billion tons which is more than half of the total global consumption
What happened in 2006
China overtook USA as the worlds largest emitter of carbon
what has happened to emission rates recently in China?
emmission rates have slowed due to the Longyangxia solar farm which generates 850 MW and Gansu windfarm generating 8000 MW
how much does coal still provide in China’s energy mix?
Nearly 2/3 of China’s energy
what are China aiming to do by 2015?
They aim to reduce CO2 emissions by 60%
what is China’s energy mix?
-Natural gas equals 7%
-Nuclear equals 2%
-Oil equals 19%
-coal equals 60%
-HEP and renewables equals 12%
