Case Study: Mali - Impact of Global Governance

Question 1

What is the background of Mali?

Answer 1

• poor, landlocked country, dependent on foreign aid & migrant remittances
• main source income from gold, cotton & agriculture are ineffective
• North area is desert/ semi-desert - Tuareg (ethnic group) most dominant there
• capital Bamako is in South which is most economical (gold, cotton, agriculture exports generate income)
• Tuareg division in 20th century by European colonial powers led to Independence Awazad (NE Mali) & terrestrial & cultural rights

Question 2

This mutiny on March, 2012 was called the Malian coup d’etat, but what was it about?

Answer 2

-Malian soldiers disliking the way government management Tuareg rebellion attacked Bamako (North’s capital) including presidential palace

Question 3

What were the Tuareg groups fights with the Government about?

Answer 3

-fight with government inability to control routes of illegal trade & illicit smuggling e.g. Tilemsi Valley representing ineffective state governance of the North

Question 4

What did the UN Security Council’s stabilization mission in Mali involve and what was it about?

Answer 4

• maintain protection civilian & human rights
• involved 9,000 military personnel & 1,000 police to keep security & humanitarian assistance (operating in population centers), returning displaced people & preparing free peaceful elections & assisting in re-establishing state authority

Question 5

What was the UN Security Council stabilization mission created in Mali known as?

Answer 5

-UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA)

Question 6

Who was the peace deal in 2015 between and what did it allow more of?

Answer 6

• peace deal signed between the Tuareg group and Malian Government
• allowed more representation of northern population in national institutions
• greater proportion state budget to local authorities
• recognition of locally elected leaders

Question 7

What impacts were there of Global Governance in Mali?

Answer 7

• more stability -> local communities assisted NGOs in water, hygiene sanitation & food security of Northern settlements (no longer dependent on imports of water aid) which improved relations between the North & South.
• 2015 peace deal government & Tuareg allowed more representation & investment North with elected leaders
• growth in GNI increased from $505/capita to $2040/capita
• development improved with World Bank supply chains forming and police helped set up elections & literacy rates improved with help by World Education Mali

Question 8

What were the negative impacts of Global Governance in Mali?

Answer 8

-FGM inequality (gender discrimination of girls and women) in South
-Tuareg group treated unfairly
injustices - terrorists bond aid workers, 1% Tuareg access sewage, life expectancy 55

Question 9

What are the consequences of global governance in Mali?

Answer 9

• difficulty working in areas with armed bandits smuggling, carjacking, kidnapping & planting landmines
• efforts of government is limited
• major divisions continue between Tuareg, Arab & Sanghai ethnic groups in the Gao area
• North is still underdeveloped compared to South