Case Usage Flashcards
(21 cards)
Different uses of the genitive?
- Possesive
- Partitive
- Definitive
- Descriptive
Possesive Genitive
I found my brother’s dog
Partitive genitive
Part of some part of:
A crowd of slaves entered the forum
Descriptive genitive
(Genitive of quality)
This is a man of great madness
Definitive genitive
This is an example of courage
In front of the “postposition” Causa
For the purpose/sake of
Accusative case
used for the direct object of the sentence
Accusative motion towards
motion towards towns, cities, small islands, domus, rus and humus:
Ara humum decidit - the altar is falling to the ground.
Accusative extent of space
I ran 3 miles
Accusative duration of time
I read my book for three days
Accusative + infinitive
Audio Caesarem in Britaniam transiisse-
I hear that Caesar has crossed into Britain
Dative of advantage
He saved the state for the citizens
Dative of disadvantage
He demanded hostages from the enemy
Dative as indirect object
The young man gave a gift to his girlfriend
Predicative dative -
often used with another dative, hence ‘double dative’ name
translated as: “an object of amazement”, “a means of assistance”, or “a source of benefit”
Causal Ablative
Complures captivi vulneribus mortui sunt - Several prisoners died from their wounds
Instrumental Ablative
Miles hostem gladio revenit -
The soldier killed the enemy with his sword
Ablative of respect
Haec soror est minima natu -
This is the youngest sister
Ablative ‘time when’
Tribus diebus Romam revenit -
He will return to Rome on the third day
Ablative of agent
Used to denote agent with a, ab + passive verb - Urbs ab hostibus deleta erat -
The city had been destroyed by the enemy
Difference between ablative of instrument/ accompaniment.
Instrument - I wrote the letter with (using) a pen
Accompaniment - I waited with my friends
(USES CUM)
