Cases of the week Flashcards
(77 cards)
Several days sunbathing at a nearby beach in Colombia
Hookworm-related Cutaneous Larva Migrans due to Ancylostoma braziliense.
Ivermectin or albendazole
72 yo with 3 day history of acute onset severe epigastric pain
raised bilirubin, amylase and eosinophils
-dye injected into the common bile duct; the arrow on the image demonstrates the relevant filling defect
Pancreatitis and acute biliary obstruction due to Ascaris lumbricoides.
In cases of biliary obstruction -> endoscopic removal of the adult worm
+albendazole if other worms
79-year-old man is brought to the ER after having vomited twice over the previous 4 hours approximately 200 cc of blood clots, and experienced one episode of black stools.
Intermittent cough and wheezing over the course of the last year
Worms from vomit as pictured
Ascaris lumbricoides
Rx albendazole or mebendazole
27 year old male presents with 10 day history of fever, cough, mild hemoptysis and production of very white sputum which tastes salty.
Echinococcus granulosus.
Surgery + post op albendazole
47 year old female with 2 weeks of moderate constant right upper quadrant pain. No fever or systemic symptoms. Referred because of a dilated common bile duct noted on ultrasound
Raised eosinophils
ERCP as shown
infection and dilatation of the common bile duct due to Fasciola hepatica
rx triclabendazole
44 year-old female presented to the outpatient clinic complaining of a 2-week history of 2 cm itchy migratory subcutaneous nodule initially arising over the epigastric region. She had earlier presented to another hospital with right upper quadrant pain.
Fasciola hepatica
Triclabendazole
62-year-old female 16-day history of cutaneous lesions. Began with a 5cm serpiginous-erythematous lesion on the chest wall that was intensely pruritic.
Disappeared then new nodular lesion appeared on the left breast.
By by the time of presentation to the face where it was associated with significant edema.
Gnathostoma spinigerum
albendazole
57 year-old female with 10-day history of highly pruritic rash which began as a painful violaceous nodule in the mid upper abdominal region with surrounding erythema and extreme warmth
Gnathostoma spinigerum
Albendazole
Peruvian farmer with a two day history of a non painful ulcer, dyspnea, headache and shock
Rx?
Bacillus anthracis
ciprofloxacin + meropenem (penicillin) + linezolid (clindamycin) + antitoxins/Ig
Pleural effusion from necrotic lymph nodes
Peruvian farmer with a two week history of painful lesions
Sporothrix schenckii ; itraconazole
Painless lesion (12cm) that developed
over several months
Mycobacterium ulcerans
clarithromycin plus rifampicin
Painless lesion that developed over a one week period in a Brazilian farmer
Leishmania braziliensis; pentavalent antimonials
Painful lesion that developed over two days in a Peruvian male
Loxosceles sp
Bolivian patient with a 6 month history of pleuritic chest pain and fever
Fistula with GRAIN
Actinomyces spp;
penicillin
Painless lesions in a Chinese chef with concomitant
uveitis and hepatitis. Ulcers on hands
Treponema pallidum;
penicillin
47-year-old male who presented to our hospital with partial motor seizures
Taenia solium
Neurocysticercosis with parenchymal, intraventricular and sub-arachnoid cysts
Western blot
Albendazole, praziquantel, dexamethasone and antiepileptic
16-year-old female, presented with a 1-month history of decreased appetite, burning epigastric pain, nausea, and vomiting. Remembers gran having spastic paralysis
Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection syndrome.
HTLV-1 infection
Ivermectin
41 year-old previously healthy male presented with a 2-year history of persistent cough and blood-tinged sputum
Repeated AFB negative
Sputum -
Paragonimus mexicanus - [westermani if not south america]
Praziquantel
Inf: ingestion of inadequately cooked crustaceans w metacercariae
24 year-old male admitted with a 6-month history of watery diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, unspecified but significant weight loss, and disseminated desquamation of the skin with plaque like lesions scattered over the body.
HTLV- 1 positive
Disseminated hyperinfection with Strongyloides stercoralis and crusted (Norwegian) scabies (Sarcoptes sp) secondary to HTLV-1 infection
Ivermectin
Name 3 complications of HTLV-1
Strongy hyperinfection
severe diarrhea from Cystoisospora belli
crusted scabies
tropical spastic paraparesis
adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL)
autoimmune disease including uveitis, Sjögrens, arthropathy, polymyositis, and thyroiditis.
6 year old female with 20 days of fever, fatigue, irritability, loss of appetite, sore throat and mild cough
EKG showed sinus tachycardia with inverted T-waves in leads V1-V4.
Trypanosoma cruzi. Acute infection in a child with myocarditis.
benznidazole
44-year old male from highlands and high jungle presented to the outpatient clinic with palpitations and dizziness.
An arrhythmia had been diagnosed 5 years earlier
Trypanosoma cruzi - Chagas cardiomyopathy
ELISA and IFA for T cruzi
benznidazole
51 year-old male admitted with a 1-month history of fever and chills. 15 days after onset he noticed watery diarrhea for 5 days that resolved spontaneously.
10 days before admission he developed nausea and right upper quadrant pain.
Liver abscess due to Entamoeba histolytica
Metronidazole/tinidazole
+ paromomycin or iodoquinol
8-month history of an indurated erythematous plaque affecting the nose and left maxillary region, rhinorrhea and headache.
Balamuthia mandrillaris CNS infection
Fluconazole, Albendazole and miltefosine
[Shit infection to have FAM]
Palliative care referral