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Catholic Threat Flashcards

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1
Q

How many Catholics did Elizabeth order for execution over during her rule?

A

At least 200

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2
Q

How many Catholics were there at the beginning of Liz’s rule and end of her rule?

A

1558 = 3 million Catholics
1603 = 40,000 Catholics

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3
Q

Who is a Catholic nobleman you learn about?

A

Sir Thomas Tresham in 1580 was 37 years old and was a wealthy landowner and farmer in Northamptonshire + Came from a strong Catholic gentry family

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4
Q

What two laws were passed at the beginning of Liz’s reign?

A

Act of Uniformity (1559)
Act of Supremacy (1559)

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5
Q

What did Liz reward Tresham with?

A

Made him the Sheriff of Northamptonshire in 1573

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6
Q

How much did Recusants have to pay for every service they missed?

A

12d which was 3 or 4 days wages for a labourer

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7
Q

When was Tresham arrested and for what?

A

1581 = due to allowing priests to hide in his home
1599 = In prison for debt

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8
Q

What are the 4 main responses of Catholics to Elizabeth’s religious laws by 1580?

A
  • Conformers
  • Church papists
  • Plotters
  • Recusants
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9
Q

Where were most of the conformers?

A

A larger proportion of Catholics in the south and east

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10
Q

Where were most of the Church papists?

A

Most Catholics in the north and west

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11
Q

How many plotters were there?

A

Very, very few with never more than 200 or so

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12
Q

How many were recusants and where?

A

Several thousand especially in the north and west

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13
Q

When did MQoS flee from Scotland and why?

A

1568 = She flees to England following a Protestant uprising in Scotland

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14
Q

Who excommunicated the Liz and when?

A

Pope Pius V in 1570

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15
Q

Who announces that it isnt a sin for a Catholic to murder Liz?

A

Pope Gregory XIII

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16
Q

Who was English priest that was in exile and very influential?

A

William Allen

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17
Q

Who ran two seminaries abroad/from where and when?

A

William Allen by 1580 with one in France and the other at Rome in Italy

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18
Q

How many Seminary priests were sent to England by 1603?

A

438

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19
Q

Who were the very first Jesuit priests to return to England?

A

Robert Persons and Edmund Campion were smuggled in heavy disguise in June 1580

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20
Q

What act was passed to stop the revival of Catholic recusnacy?

A

Act of Persuasions in 1581

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21
Q

What did the Act of Persuasions do?

A
  • Raise the fine by 20K % to £20 per month
  • £200 for persistent recusants per year
  • £66 fine for anyone who attended Mass
    etc
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22
Q

Who provided patronage to Thomas Tresham and ended it?

A

William Cecil

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23
Q

What did Campion do?

A

August 1580 = Pamphlet written by him was printed and distributed by Catholics from a secret printing press in Oxfordshire

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24
Q

When was Campion captured and by who?

A

In July 1581/at Lyford Grange,Oxfordshire by George Elliot the priest catcher

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25
How were the names of Catholics that helped him were reveled and an example?
He was tortured on the rack and revealed the names e.g Thomas Tresham
26
When was his trial and which government spies said he called for Catholics to rebel?
November 1581 and Andrew Munday + George Eliot and was found guily of treason
27
When and where was Campion executed?
At Tyburn on the 1st Dec 1581 where he was hung, drawn and quartered with 2 other priests
28
When did the Throckmorton plot happen?
1583
29
Who was involved in the Throckmorton plot?
Walsingham, Robert Persons, Francis Throckmorton, Duke of Guise, MQoS, Pope and Philip II and William Cecil
30
What was the result of the Throckmorton plot?
William Cecil persuaded Elizabeth to pass the Bond of Association
31
Who killed William of Orange and when?
Dutch Protestant prince William of Orange was killed by a Catholic subject of Phillip II of Spain
32
Who does Liz sign a treaty with and when?
1585 - She signs a treaty with Dutch Protestant rebels to fight against Catholic Spain
33
What did 4 priests do in 1582?
4 priests broke into York prison to say Mass with Catholics there with one being capture as they tried to climb out
34
What act was passed to stop Catholic resistance at its core?
Act against priests in 1585
35
When did Thomas Tresham make a petition to Liz and why?
1585 - A petition promising the loyalty of her Catholic subjects yet it made no difference the arrests continued
36
When did the Babington plot happen?
1586
37
Who was involved in the Babington plot?
MQoS, Anthony Babington, John Ballard, Thomas Phelippes, Walsingham
38
When was Babington and Ballard arrested and executed?
Early August and then September 1586
39
Where was MQoS being held?
Staffordshire during the Babington plot
40
Which butcher's wife was accused of sheltering priests?
Margaret Clitherow from York in 1586
41
How did Li pass to increase her income from fining Catholics and what did it do?
Another Recusancy Act in 1587 which allowed the government to take 2/3rds of land owned from any recusant who had fallen behind on paying fines
42
When was MQoS executed?
1587
43
When was the Spanish Armarda defeated?
1588
44
How many Catholic laymen were executed for aiding priests or for encouraging Protestant to convert?
11 in 1588
45
When was Thomas Tresham arrested?
1588
46
When was Thomas Tresham released and what did he describe himself as?
1590 and "disgraced, debased and scorned"
47
What did the government pass to add to Catholics' social isolation?
Act Restraining Recusants in 1593
48
When did Thomas Tresham die?
1605
49
Who were the the 4 main agents of the hundreds of agents who acted as Walsingham's eyes and ears?
- Anthony Munday - William Parry - Charles Sledd - George Eliot (Judas Eliot)
50
How many priest had been executed before 1580 in England?
Two seminary priests had been executed in 1577
51
When was there an increase in the amount of priests being executed and why?
In the late 1580s when England was at most risk of an actual invasion by Spanish forces acting with the Pope's blessing
52
What did Richard Rowlande publish in 1587?
A book criticized her chief torturer Richard Topcliffe
53
When did Robert Persons leave England?
1581
54
When did the priest appoint a special Archpriest and why?
1598 = to decide how to support English Catholics but the two different types priests argued about him as well
55
By 1580 how long had Mary been living in comfortable captivity
12 years
56
When and where was Mary put on trial?
12th October 1586 at Fotheringhay Castke
57
When was MQoS executed [specific date]?
8th Feb 1587
58
Which rebellion was put down and when?
The Northern Rebellion in 1569 which has little popular support
59
Which plot was discovered to murder Liz and when?
Ridolphi plot in 1571
60
What was France busy with and when?
By 1580, France was divided and distracted by their own struggles between ruling Catholics and Protestants
61
What did English sailors do to Spanish ports and ships and when?
English sailors like Drake and Hawkins acted like pirates attacking Spanish ports and ships in the New World throughout the 1570s
62
What did Liz do in the 1570s to make Philip II angry
Sent money to aid Protestant Dutch rebels
63
What did Liz send as part of the treaty with Dutch rebels?
1585- Sent the Earl of Leicester with an army of 7K men to fight in the Netherlands and stop Spanish advances
64
What did Francis Drake due at the same time as the EoL fight?
Sailed to the West Indies and attacked Spanish ports and returned with treasure from Spanish ships
65
Where were English ships kept due to winds?
In Plymouth and they wanted to attack the Armada before it got into the English Channel
66
Who was the commander of the English fleet?
Lord Howard of Effingham
67
What were casualties of English side caused by Liz?
Liz kept sailors on board the ship since she could not afford to pay them. Thousands died of hunger and disease
68
How many warships did either side have?
Both sides had about 30 to 35 warships
69
Who lead the Spanish Armarda?
Duke of Median Sidonia
70
How many troops was the Armada going to collect from Netherlands?
20,000 troops led by Duke Parma
71
When was the surprise attack by Francis Drake that delayed the sailing of the Armada and damaged many ships and where?
1587 at the Spanish port of Cadiz
72
When was the Armada ready to sail?
July 1588
73
How many ships sailed up the English Channel?
130 ships chased by English ships
74
How many Spanish men and English men died at the attack near Gravelines?
1000 Spanish men died and 50 English were killed due to Spanish guns being unreliable but English ones working well
75
How ships returned bac to Spain and how many were lost?
44 Spanish ships off Scotland and Ireland were wrecked from powerful storms with 80 struggling back
76
How long did the war with Spain drag on till?
Until 1604
77
What did Francis Drake lead to Portugal and when?
1589 = Led an "English Armarda" to attack Portugal and stir the Poruguese to revolt against Spain [failed]
78
What happened in nothern Netherlands and when?
1594 = It became a secure Protestant area, virtually independent from Spain
79
Who died at sea while attempting to raid Spanish ships and ports in the New World and when?
Francis Drake and John Hawkins
80
What alliance was formed and when?
1595 = England formed an alliance with France and Protestant Netherlands against Spain
81
What other Armadas were made against England and when?
1596 and 1597 = Phillip II sent Spain's second and third Armadas against England - but both were wrecked by storms
82
What happened in Ireland and when?
1601 = Spanish army landed in Ireland. Earl of Tyrone had started a Catholic rebellion against English rule 1594 = the Spanish hoped to help him win and create a base for an invasion of England. Spanish force defeated 1603 = Tyrone's rebellion finally ended
83
When was the Treaty of London signed?
1604
84
When did Phillip II died and who took over?
Died in 1598 and his son Phillip III took over

Elizabethans (2 decks)

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