Cause and consequences of conflict (more simpler info)

Question 1

Ionian Revolt (499-494)

Answer 1

Causes:
- Histiaeus lead to revolt, he joined miletus, declared miletus as an independent democracy, led to the end of tyranny with other Ionian cities.
- 498 BCE, they attcked Persia by burning the city, and their temple which infuriated King Darius, so he ended city states involved in the attack on Sardis.
Consequences:
- 490 BCE, greeks against persia battle of marathon, athens won.

Question 2

Second Greco-persian war 480-479 BCE

Answer 2

Causes:
- Egypt revolted, King Darius died, Xerses (his son) took control to ruin egypt revolt. He then attacked persia.
- Hellenic league formed with Athens, spartan and thirty one poleis aiming to defeat Persia as an alliance.
Consequence:
- Battle of Salamis, Battle of Thermopylae

Question 3

Battle of Thermopylae

Answer 3

Cause:
- Persian kings invade greece due to control of Xerses.
- Greeks lost and persians won, greeks didnt end in grief but gained moral boost.

Question 4

Battle at Salamis 480 BCE

Answer 4

Cause:
- After defeating the greeks at the battle of thermoplyae and defeating Athens, they aim to rule all of Greece.
Consequence:
- End of persian invasion of greece
- Xeses forced to withdraw his forces, bringing an end to persian dominance.

Question 5

Battle of Platea 749 BCE

Answer 5

Cause:
- Persian empire now led by Mardonius, who plans to take over greece in defeat if battle of salamis.
- Greeks again form an alliance to fight the persians, an uprise to delian league.
Consequence:
- End of persians invasion of mainland greece, marks to the turn point, and brings rise of greek civilisation.
- Persia is no longer threat to greece due to fails of battles.

Question 6

Delian League

Answer 6

Cause:
- At the end of battle of platea they continued to keep their alliances.
Consequences:
- Athens slowly turns the alliance into an unstoppable empire which creates a new uprising in threat.

Question 7

First Peloponnesian War 460-455 BCE

Answer 7

Cause:
- Corinth is spartas ally
- Corinth threatens megaras territory which is protected by Athens (causes tension between corinth and athens)
- Athens became threat to greek after attacking citystates under corinths protection.
Consequence:
- Truce made between peloponnesian league
- Athens grew weak, sparta grew strong and overtook athens previous dominance on greece.

Question 8

The second peloponnesian war

Answer 8

Cause:
- Sparta and Athens push greek citystates to take a side.
Consequence:
- Athens and Sparta become weak and instable, making a large variety of greece weak.

Question 9

Archidamian War (431-421 BCE)

Answer 9

Cause:
- Thebes attacks Platea, athens attacks Peloponnesians.
- 430 plague in athens, 429 death of pericles
Consequences:
- Peace was short lived
- both citystates weak and instable remain today.