Causes of the Revolution

Question 1

How much had the national debt grown since the seven years war?

Answer 1

Interest payments of £4.4 million but Britain was only making £8 million

Question 2

How much had military government spending increased since the seven years war?

Answer 2

£70,000 in 1748
Now £350,000 in 1763

Question 3

How did Britain pay for the increase in military government spending?

Answer 3

Colonists would pay for their own defence through taxation

Question 4

How many troops were to be sent to the colonies?

Answer 4

10,000

Question 5

What did the proclamation act of 1763 do?

Answer 5

Created a proclamation line between the applicants and the colonies to prevent west ward expansion from colonists and prevent angering natives

Question 6

Name a time when natives were angered by west ward expansion, which led to the proclamation act

Answer 6

Natives captured 2000 colonists after they encroached onto the Ohio valley

Question 7

How many settlers ignored the proclamation act?

Answer 7

30,000 expanded westward regardless within 5 years after the act was passed

Question 8

How much did the sugar tax reduced the price of sugar to and when was it released?

Answer 8

1764
6d->3d
Angered colonist tea merchants, but didn’t cause much unrest from the colonists

Question 9

How much was the sugar act expected to yield in revenue per year?

Answer 9

£78,000

Question 10

What was the currency act of 1764?

Answer 10

Placed a ban on colonial paper money to appease British merchants

Question 11

When was the stamp act passed and what did it place a tax on?

Answer 11

Feb 1765
Placed a tax on stamped goods, made British imports more expensive

Question 12

How much was the stamp act estimated to levy in the first year?

Answer 12

£60,000
(Only 1/4 of the lump sum needed to pay for colonial defence)

Question 13

Which groups were formed in opposition to the stamp act?

Answer 13

The Virginia resolves
The stamp act congress
The sons of liberty

Question 14

What did the Virginia resolves do?

Answer 14

39 burgesses published 5 of Patrick Henry’s resolutions to the stamp act in newspapers

Question 15

What did the stamp act congress do?

Answer 15

27 delegates from 9 colonies attended in New York and denounced the stamp act

Question 16

What was the public opposition to the stamp act in Boston?

Answer 16

Bostonians hung effigies of stamp collectors Oliver and brute on the 14th August 1765 for the liberty tree

Question 17

Whose mansion was attacked?

Answer 17

Thomas Hutchinson

Question 18

When was the stamp act repealed?

Answer 18

March 1766

Question 19

How many voted in favour of repealing the stamp act?

Answer 19

275 votes to 167

Question 20

Which act was passed at the same time as the repealing of the stamp act? What did this act do?

Answer 20

Declatory act
Assured that Britain had authority over the colonies and had the right to make laws without the consent of Americans

Question 21

What was the quote that Americans used to oppose taxation?

Answer 21

“No taxation without representation”

Question 22

When were the Townsend duties passed?

Answer 22

May 1766

Question 23

What did the townshend duties place tax on?

Answer 23

Colonial imports such as glass, wine, china, lead, paint and tea
Expected to raise £40,000 a year

Question 24

What economic oppositions were there to the stamp act?

Answer 24

Merchants in New York signed an agreement to boycott British imports until the stamp act was repealed

Question 25

What was the quartering act and when was it passed?

Answer 25

American colonists expected to provide housing and supplies for British soldiers stationed in their towns 1765

Question 26

What was the New York restraining act of 1767?

Answer 26

The New York assembly was prohibited from taking any legislative action until it complied with the quartering act

Question 27

When did boycotts of British goods begin again?

Answer 27

1768 - Boston boycott 1769 - every colony except New Hampshire boycotted British goods (eg American housewives stopped serving British tea)

Question 28

Who wrote the circular letter denouncing the townshend duties from the Massachusetts assembly?

Answer 28

Samuel Adams and James Otis 7 colonial assemblies approved of the letter

Question 29

How were people encouraged to boycott British goods?

Answer 29

Merchants who did not comply with the boycott had their warehouses broken into and their goods damaged - Faced violence like being tarred and feathered

Question 30

Which colonial secretary ordered the Massachusetts assembly to rescind their circulatory letter? What would be the impact of this?

Answer 30

Earl of Hillsborough Threatened to dissolve Massachusetts assembly if they did not obey, ended up doing so - showed how Britain were willing to take away Americas power

Question 31

How many troops arrived in Boston in September 1769?

Answer 31

600

Question 32

Why did American colonists grow to resent the British troops stationed in their colonies?

Answer 32

• Off duty soldiers would take part time work for less pay than Americans • Boston newspapers published how British troops would harass colonists and be violent

Question 33

When did a British soldier supposedly kill an 11 year old boy in a riot?

Answer 33

22nd Feb 1770

Question 34

How many people attended the 11 year old boys funeral? What did the sons of liberty do?

Answer 34

2000 Sons of liberty turned it into a political movement

Question 35

When was the Boston massacre?

Answer 35

5th March 1770

Question 36

What happened on the same day as the Boston massacre?

Answer 36

Townshend duties repealed, except for tea duties

Question 37

What happened in the Boston massacre?

Answer 37

An angry mob hurled packed snowballs at British troops, they fired in retaliation, killing 5 Bostonians

Question 38

Did the soldiers responsible for the Boston massacre get away with it?

Answer 38

John Adams defended the soldiers - 6 acquitted - 2 branded on the thumb and released

Question 39

What did the committees of correspondence do?

Answer 39

Set up to communicate issues throughout the colonies All joined except North Carolina and Pennsylvania Agreed to have a unified response in the event of a crisis

Question 40

What was the tea act and when was it passed?

Answer 40

1773 Abolished tea duties for the British East India Tea company

Question 41

What were the name of merchants sent into the colonies to sell tea at a lower price by the east India company?

Answer 41

Tea agents

Question 42

What were the names of the three east India company ships that sailed into Boston harbour in 1773?

Answer 42

Dartmouth Beaver Eleanor

Question 43

When was the Boston tea party?

Answer 43

16th December 1773

Question 44

How many crates of tea were hurled into Boston harbour? How much was this worth?

Answer 44

342 £10,000

Question 45

How many sons of liberty attacked the ships? What were they dressed as?

Answer 45

60 Mohawk Native Americans

Question 46

What were some of the acts of the coercion acts?

Answer 46

• Boston Port Act - closed Boston harbour until the debt from Boston tea party was paid back • New Quartering Act - extended the rights of military generals to house more troops • Massachusetts government act - allowed royal goveners to appoint and remove government officials • All colonists charged with murder to be sent to Britain for trial

Question 47

What was the Quebec act?

Answer 47

Extended the Quebec boundaries west of the Ohio river - many colonists believed this was to prevent westward expansion

Question 48

When were the Coercive acts passed?

Answer 48

1774

Question 49

What was the only colony that the coercive acts applied to?

Answer 49

Massachusetts

Question 50

What did the colonists call the coercive acts?

Answer 50

The intolerable acts

Question 51

How did the colonists economically respond to the coercive acts?

Answer 51

Boston town meeting called in May 1774, drafted a document committing to a British boycott

Question 52

Which colony did not involve itself in the first continental congress?

Answer 52

Georgia

Question 53

Where was the continental congress held?

Answer 53

Philadelphia

Question 54

How many delegates attended the first continental congress?

Answer 54

56

Question 55

What did the first continental congress agree upon?

Answer 55

• To begin non-importation of British goods on the 1st December 1774 unless the coercive acts were repealed • A ban on exports to begin in September 1775

Question 56

What was the name of the association which outlined the agreements made by the first continental congress?

Answer 56

The continental congress

Question 57

What did the declaration of rights and grievances passed under the first continental congress do?

Answer 57

Denied that the colonies were subject to parliament’s authority

Question 58

How did the colonists show that they were committed to the boycott?

Answer 58

Americans had to give up their luxury lifestyle and return to simple life

Question 59

What were the committees of the inspection?

Answer 59

Enforced the rules of the continental assosciation throughout the colonies and punished those who broke the rules

Question 60

How many colonists were a part of the committees of inspection by 1774?

Answer 60

7000

Question 61

How many troops did general gage request to send to Massachusetts and how many were actually sent?

Answer 61

Asked for 20,000 Only sent 4000 - clearly didn’t see America as a threat

Question 62

What plan did PM North approach the colonies with? What was their response?

Answer 62

The conciliation plan to except any colonies from tax if they agreed to contribute to publish defence - rejected by the first continental congress

Question 63

When did parliament declare Massachusetts in a state of rebellion?

Answer 63

February 1775