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BDS2: DM > Cavity Lining Materials (Acid-Base Cements) > Flashcards

Cavity Lining Materials (Acid-Base Cements) Flashcards

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1
Q

What are 5 general uses of acid-base dental cements?

A
  • Cavity Liner
  • Permanent/Temp. Filling
  • Root Canal Sealer
  • Permanent/Temporary luting of crown/ bridge
  • Attachment of orthodontic appliances
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2
Q

Name some of the ideal properties of an acid0base cement 11

A
  • Non-irritant and non toxic to the oral tissues
  • Insoluble in oral fluids or anything taken into the mouth
  • Adhesive to the tooth structure
  • Adequate mechanical properties
  • Thermally, chemically and electrically insulating
  • Provide a therapeutic effect
  • An appropriate thermal expansion coefficient
  • Good aesthetics
  • Radio-opaque
  • Appropriate rheological properties
  • Easily manipulated
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3
Q

Definition of acid-base cement

A

Mixing of powder and liquid, which through an acid-base reaction produces a solid matrix that binds the mass together

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4
Q

What does the unreacted powder in the set cement act as? What does this do?

A

Acts as a filler

  • Increases strength of the set cement
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5
Q

How does particle size affect setting of a cement?

A

Small size = Greater specific surface area = Faster setting reaction

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6
Q

How does powder:liquid affect setting of a cement?

A

Higher powder content = Faster set

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7
Q

How doers temperature affect setting of a cement?

Why does it have this affect?

A
  • Increasing the temperature will increase setting rate

- Exothermic setting reaction

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8
Q

How does moisture affect setting of a cement?

A

Presence of moisture accelerates setting of some cements but slows for others

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9
Q

What are the 6 types of acid-base cements?

A
  1. Zinc Phopsphate
  2. Zinc Polycarboxylate Cements
  3. Glass Ionomer Cements (GICs)
  4. Zinc Oxide Eugenol (ZOE) Cements
  5. Calcium Hydroxide Cements
  6. Ethoxybenzoic Acid (EBAs) cements
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10
Q

Type I acid-base cements

Use?
Particle Size?

A
  • Luting

- ≈ 25µm

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11
Q

Type II acid-base cements

Use?
Particle size?

A
  • Restorative or a lining

- ≈40µm

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12
Q

Type III acid-base cements

Use?

A

Lining or base

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13
Q

Which types of acid-base cements are phosphate bonded?

A

Zin Phosphate Cements

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14
Q

Which 2 types of acid-base cements are polycarboxylate bonded?

Chemical bond

A
  • Zinc polycarboxylate cements

- GICs

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15
Q

Which 3 types of acid-base cements are phenolate boded?

A
  • Calcium Hydroxide Cements
  • ZOE cements
  • EBA-based cements
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16
Q

Which 3 types of acid-base cements are water based?

A
  • Zinc phosphate
  • Zinc polycarboxylate
  • Glass ionomer
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17
Q

Which 3 types of acid-base cements are oil-based?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Calcium Hydroxide
  • ZOE
  • EBA
18
Q

What powder do all cements except GIC use?

19
Q

What is the main reactant in a zinc phosphate cement?

What are the minor reactants?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Roughly 90% ZnO

- 10% MgO, Aluminium Oxide and Silicon Dioxide

20
Q

Advantages of having ZnO in based cements?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Low cost
  • Good radiopacity
  • Low toxicity
  • Reactivity can be controlled
21
Q

What is the primary liquid component used in zinc phosphate cements?

Study These Flashcards
A

Phosphoric Acid

22
Q

What is the correct way to mix zinc phosphate cements?

Study These Flashcards
A

Using a coal mixing slab and incorporate the powder in small amounts

23
Q

What are some disadvantages of zinc phosphate in cements?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Low initial pH
  • Slow to neutralise
  • Brittle
  • High acidic solubility
  • No chemical adhesion
  • Setting shrinkage
24
Q

What can be used to modify the set of Zinc Polycarboxylate cements?

Study These Flashcards
A

Bismuth Salts

25
What are the 3 advantages of having SnF2 (Stannous Fluoride) in cements?
- Fluoride source - Improves mixing - Increases strength
26
What is the primary liquid component in Zinc Polycarboxyate cements?
Polyacrylic Acid | PAA
27
3 Disadvantages of Zinc Polycarboxyate cements?
- Lower compressive strength that Zinc Phosphate cements - Short working time - Not necessarily adhesive to all surfaces
28
What 3 things is cavity varnish designed to do?
- Seal Dentine - Reduce diffusion through dentine - Decrease microleakage
29
What 2 things is cavity liner designed to do?
- Seal exposed dentine | - Promotes health of pulp
30
What 4 things is cavity base designed to do?
- Act as dentine replacement - Strengthens restoration - Blocks out undercut - Insulates tooth
31
What will happen to Zinc Eugenolate in the presence of excess water?
The complex is not stable and the setting reaction will reverse in the presence of excess water
32
What is the: Mixing, working and setting time of Zoe cement?
- 60-90 seconds - 2-3 Minutes - Less than 5 Minutes
33
4 Disadvantages of ZEO cements?
- Low compressive and tensile strengths - High water solubility - Eugenol is potential allergen - Eugenol inhibits C=C polymerisation so cannot be used with composities
34
2 Ways in which ZOE cements are reinforced?
- 1040% of s synthetic resin is added to the powder | - Styrene of MMA is added to liquid
35
3 Advantages of reinforced ZOE?
- Increased compressive strength - Increased tensile strength - Reduced water sulbility
36
Compare EBA cements with ZOE cements. 2
- EBA have better strength | - EBA have lower water solubility
37
1 Disadvantage of EBA cements?
Poor handling characteristics
38
If a patient is allergic to eugenol what other oils can form a cement with ZnO instead?
Nonaoic Acid
39
What is the: Mixing, working and setting time of Calcium Hydroxide Cement?
- 5-30 Seconds - 30-60 Seconds - 1-2 Mins
40
4 Disadvantages of Calcium Hydroxide cements
- Low strength - Weakened by moisture - Dissolved by acidic conditions - Can undergo plastic deformation at mouth temp.
41
Compared ZOE Cements to Calcium Hydroxide cements 4
- ZOE stronger and less soluble than CH - ZOE has a calming effect - CH is alkaline anti bac - CH stimulates secondary formation

BDS2: DM (6 decks)

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