CB1- Cells

Question 1

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Answer 1

Controls what enters and leaves the cell.

Question 2

What is inside cytoplasm?

Answer 2

Ribosomes.

Question 3

What is the function of ribosomes?

Answer 3

Make new proteins for the cell.

Question 4

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 4

Controls the cell and its activities.

Question 5

What’s inside the nucleus?

Answer 5

Chromosones which contain DNA.

Question 6

What’s a eukaryotic cell?

Answer 6

A cell with a nucleus.

Question 7

What is the function of chloroplasts?

Answer 7

Where the plant makes glucose using photosynthesis.

Question 8

What’s found inside chloroplasts?

Answer 8

Chlorophyll.

Question 9

What’s the function of chlorophyll?

Answer 9

It traps energy transferred by light.

Question 10

What is a cytoplasm?

Answer 10

The watery jelly inside a cell where the cells activities take place.

Question 11

What is DNA?

Answer 11

Deoxyribonucleic acid (contains genetic information).

Question 12

What is a vacuole?

Answer 12

Storage space in cells.

Question 13

What is an acrosome?

Answer 13

A small vacuole in the tip of the head of a sperm cell. Contains enzymes.

Question 14

What is an adaptation?

Answer 14

The feature that something has to enable it to a certain function.

Question 15

What is a ciliated epithelial cell?

Answer 15

A cell that lines certain tubes in the body and has cilia on the surface.

Question 16

What are cilia?

Answer 16

Small hair-like structures on the surface of some cells.

Question 17

What is digestion?

Answer 17

A process that breaks molecules into smaller more soluble substances.

Question 18

What does it mean if a cell is diploid?

Answer 18

Has 2 sets of chromosones.

Question 19

What is a gamete?

Answer 19

A sex cell.

Question 20

What is an egg cell?

Answer 20

The female gamete.

Question 21

What is an embryo?

Answer 21

An unborn offspring growing by cell division from a zygote.

Question 22

What is an enzyme?

Answer 22

A substance that can speed up some processes in living things.

Question 23

What is fertilisation?

Answer 23

Fusing of a male gamete with a female gamete.

Question 24

What does it mean if a cell is haploid?

Answer 24

One set of chromosones.

Question 25

What is a microvillus?

Answer 25

A fold on the surface of a villus cell.

Question 26

What is the function of a microvillus?

Answer 26

Increase the surface area so digested food is absorbed faster.

Question 27

What is an oviduct?

Answer 27

A tube that carries egg cells from the ovaries to the uterus.

Question 28

What happens in the oviduct?

Answer 28

Fertilisation.

Question 29

What is a specialised cell?

Answer 29

A cell that is adapted for a specific function.

Question 30

What's is a sperm cell?

Answer 30

The male gamete.

Question 31

What is a flagellum?

Answer 31

A tail like structure that rotates, allowing a unicellular organism to move.

Question 32

What is a plasmid?

Answer 32

A small loop of DNA.

Question 33

Where would you find a plasmid?

Answer 33

In the cytoplasm of bacteria.

Question 34

What is a catalyst?

Answer 34

A substance that speeds up the rate of a reaction without itself being used up.

Question 35

What is digestion?

Answer 35

The process that breaks molecules into smaller more soluble substances.

Question 36

What is a monomer?

Answer 36

A small molecule that can join with other molecules like itself.

Question 37

What is a polymer?

Answer 37

A substance made up of very long molecules containing repeating groups of atoms.

Question 38

What is a substrate?

Answer 38

A substance that is changed during a reaction.

Question 39

What is synthesis?

Answer 39

Building a large molecule from smaller subunits.

Question 40

What is an active site?

Answer 40

The space in an enzyme where the substrate fits during an enzyme catalysed reaction.

Question 41

What is a denatured enzyme?

Answer 41

Where the shape of the active site has changed so much that it's substrate no longer fits and the reaction can't happen.

Question 42

What does the lock and key model show?

Answer 42

The way a substrate fits in its active site.

Question 43

What is an optimum pH?

Answer 43

The pH at which an enzyme catalysed reaction works fastest.

Question 44

What is an optimum temperature?

Answer 44

The temperature at which an enzyme catalysed reaction works at its fastest.

Question 45

What is active transport?

Answer 45

The movement of particles across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to higher (against concentration gradient).

Question 46

Does the process of active transport require energy?

Answer 46

Yes.

Question 47

What is diffusion?

Answer 47

When particles spread and mix with each other without anything moving them.

Question 48

What happens in a mitochondrion?

Answer 48

Aerobic respiration.

Question 49

What is osmosis?

Answer 49

When molecules of a solvent tend to pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one.

Question 50

What is a passive process?

Answer 50

Doesn't require energy.

Question 51

What does it mean to be semi-permeable?

Answer 51

Something that will allow certain particles through but not others.

Question 52

What is a solute?

Answer 52

A solid that has dissolved into a liquid to make a solution.

Question 53

What is a solvent?

Answer 53

The liquid in which a substance dissolves to make a solution.

Question 54

What is the sub-unit monomer of protein?

Answer 54

Amino acids.

Question 55

What is the sub-unit monomer of carbohydrates?

Answer 55

Glucose.

Question 56

What is the sub-unit monomer of lipids?

Answer 56

Fatty acids & glycerol.

Question 57

Which type of smaller molecule are enzymes built from?

Answer 57

Amino acids.

Question 58

Why do most enzymes only work with one substrate?

Answer 58

Only substrates with the same shape can take part in the reaction.

Question 59

What is the function of a root hair cell?

Answer 59

To absorb water and minerals (large surface area).