CBC (Exam 3)

Question 1

Red Blood Cells

Answer 1

Erythrocytes

most abundant cells of the blood

Question 2

Erythrocytes: Different in males and females

Answer 2

Males about 48%

Females about 42%

Question 3

Normal Total Count Eryhtrocytes

Answer 3

4.2-4.6 million erythrocytes/mm3

Question 4

Primary responsibility of Erythrocytes

Answer 4

Tissue oxygenation

Hemoglobin carries these gasses –> why we measure hemoglobin

Question 5

White Blood Cells: Leukocytes

Answer 5

Never
Let
Monkey
Eat
Bananas

Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Monocoytes
Eosinophiles
Basophils

Question 6

White blood cells: Leukocytes categories

Answer 6

1. Granulocytes:
   -Neutrophils (50-67%)
   -Eosinophiles (0-3%)
   -Basophiles (0-2%)

1.Argranulocytes
-Lymphocytes (24-40%)
-Monocytes (4-9%)

Question 7

Granulocytes

Answer 7

Cells with nucleus, several lobes and granules.

Granules release mediators with inflammatory and immunity properites

Question 8

Agranulocytes

Answer 8

Participates in immune response but do not release immune mediators

Question 9

Neutrophiles

Answer 9

-First to arrive at site of inflammation

-Bands and segs (Band immature) (Seg mature)

-Increase with acute bacterial infections and trauma

-Shift to the left (increase of bands) (Acute stage of bacterial infection)

Question 10

Lymphocytes

Answer 10

-Primary cells of immune response

-T-cells and B-cells

-Increase with chronic bacterial infection and acute viral infection

Question 11

Acute bacterial infections

Answer 11

Strep throat or something that is resolved quickly

Question 12

Chronic Bacterial Infection

Answer 12

Wound on foot with MRSA. Last for long time

Question 13

Monocytes

Answer 13

-Phagocytosis cells (eat left over junk)

-Increase with bacterial infections and cancers

Question 14

Eosinophils

Answer 14

-Role in phagocytosis

-Increase with allergic reactions or parasitic infections

-Worms; wheezes and weird disease

Question 15

Basophiles

Answer 15

-Increase with allergic reactions (Hypersenitivies, inflammatory reactions)

Question 16

Argangular Leukocytes

Answer 16

-Lymphocytes
-Monocytes

Question 17

Granular Leukocytes

Answer 17

Basophils
Neutrophils
Eosinophils

Question 18

Hemoglobin (Hgb)

Answer 18

-Measure amount of hemoglobin in your blood (oxygen carrying capacity)

Question 19

Hgb Normal Values

Answer 19

Male: 14-18

Female: 12-16

Question 20

Low Hemoglobin

Answer 20

Bleeding, folate/B12 deficiencies, cancers, kidney and liver disease

Question 21

High hemoglobin

Answer 21

Polycythemia, COPD, live in high altitude and heavy smokers

Question 22

Hematocrit (Hct)

Answer 22

-Percentage of blood that is made up of packed red blood cells

Question 23

Hematocrit: Interpreted in percentages

Answer 23

A Hct of 40% indicates that there are 40 mL of packed RBC’s in 100 ml of blood

Question 24

Low Hematocrit

Answer 24

Anemia, bleeding, bleeding disorder, and fluid imbalances

Question 25

high hematocrit

Answer 25

polycythemia, COPD, dehydration, shock, congenital heart disease

Question 26

Other Red Cell Labs

Answer 26

Red cell count: total # of erythrocytes in the blood Mean corpuscle volume: Size of erythrocytes Mean corpuscle hemoglobin (MCH): Amount of hemoglobin in erythrocyte by weight

Question 27

WBC total count

Answer 27

5,000 - 10,000

Question 28

Increase WBC

Answer 28

Leukocytosis

Question 29

Decreased WBC

Answer 29

Leukopenia

Question 30

Decreased neutrophiles

Answer 30

neutropenia

Question 31

CBC

Answer 31

Complete Blood Count WBC Platelet RBC Hct Hgb

Question 32

WBC with Diff (CBC with DIff)

Answer 32

-2 componenets 1. Total number of WBC's in mm3 (absolute number) 2. Determination of the proportion of each of the 5 WBC's in a sample of 100

Question 33

CBC with DIff Interpretation

Answer 33

-An increased % in one type means a decrease in % of another type -Although the absolute # of the second type does not change

Question 34

Example PP

Answer 34

Reading CBC

Question 35

What else to look for with an infection:

Answer 35

-Increased in temperature -Fever can improve immune response -Decrease virulence of some bacteria

Question 36

Leukopenia: Neutropneia

Answer 36

-Most often cancer patients -Susceptible to bacterial infections

Question 37

Neutropenia: Precautions

Answer 37

-Good hygiene -Avoid contact with people who are sick -Avoid raw fruits, vegetables, grains -No fresh flowers -Keep door closed

Question 38

Leukopenia: Pharmacologic treatment

Answer 38

-Hematopoietic agents

Question 39

Filgrastim: Class

Answer 39

Granulocyte Colony stimulating factors

Question 40

Filgrastim: MOA

Answer 40

Promoting proliferation, differentiation, activation of cells that make granulocytes

Question 41

Filgrastim: Indications

Answer 41

Malignancies, chemo-induced leukopenia, bone marrow transplant, harvesting of hematopoietic stem cells, chronic neutropenia IV or Sub Q

Question 42

Filgrastim: Adverse Effect

Answer 42

Bone pain, leukocytosis

Question 43

Pegfilgrastim: MOA Route AE

Answer 43

Long acting derivative of filgrastim Increased production of neutrophils -SQ -Bone Pain Pegylated = delayed excretion by the kidneys