CC Equipment Flashcards
(95 cards)
Drag and drop the definitions to the associated term.
- Process capable of removing or destroying all viable forms of microbial life, including bacterial spores, to an acceptable assurance level
- Process of reducing the number of microbial contaminants to a relatively safe level
- Process capable of destroying most microorganisms but, as ordinarily used, not bacterial spores
- Process that renders inanimate items safe for handling by personnel who are not wearing protective attire.
A. Decontamination
B. Disinfection
C. Sanitization
D. Sterilization
- Sterilization
- Sanitization
- Disinfeciton
- Decontamination
The normal gradient between PaCO2 and ETCO2 is approximately:
A. 2 -5 mmHg
B. 7 - 10 mmHg
C. 10 - 13 mmHg
D. 15 - 17 mmHg
A. 2-5 mmHg
During the delivery of an anesthetic in the CT scanner, oxygen from the E-cylinder is being used. The patient is intubated and spontaneously breathing 94% FiO2 and 6% Des. 60 minutes into the case, the pressure of the E-regulator has fallen from 2000 to 1100 psi. From this information, what FGF is estimated to be running?
Answer: 4.95 L/min
1100 / 2000 =0.55 left
0.55 x 660 =363 left
660 - 363 =297 used
297/60 =4.95 L/min
The effect of methemoglobin on the pulse oximetry is to:
A. cause a reading of 85% regardless of the actual oxygen saturation
B. cause a reading that is 10% less than the actual saturation
C. have only minimal effect on the oxygen saturation
D. Maintain a reading of 99% regardless of the oxygen saturation
A.
Methemoglobin has the same
absorption coefficient at both
red and infrared wavelengths
causing a reading of 85%
regardless of the actual
hemoglobin saturation.
For accurate blood pressure measurement, the width of the BP cuff should be:
A. 10 - 15% greater than the diameter of the extremity
B. 20 - 50% greater than the diameter of the extremity
C. 20 - 50% greater than the circumference of the extremity
D. Equal to the circumference of the extremity
B
The accuracy of any method
of blood pressure
measurement depends on
proper cuff size. The cuff’s
bladder should extend at least
halfway around the extremity
and the width of the cuff
should be 20 - 50% greater
than the diameter of the
extremity.
Interchanging the position of the APL valve and the Fresh gas inlet transforms the mapelson A circuit into a
A. Mapelson B circuit
B. Mapelson C circuit
C. Mapelson D circuit
D. Mapelson E circuit
C. MAPELSON D CIRCUIT
Interchanging the position of
the APL and fresh gas inlet on
a Mapleson A circuit results
in the creation of the
Mapleson D circuit, which is
better suited for controlled
ventilation.
At or below which of the following pressure is it recommended that the E-cylinder be changed?
A. 250 psi
B. 500 psi
C. 750 psi
D. 1000 psi
D
Current anesthesia apparatus
checkout recommendations
state that the E-cylinder of
oxygen should be at least half
full corresponding to a
pressure of 1000 psi.
During the administration of GA for a laparoscopic hemiorrhapthy using a circle system, the capnogram below was obtained. This capnogram is consistent with:
A. A normal capnogram
B. An incompetent expiratory valve
C. Channeling in the carbon dioxide absorber
D. An incompetent inspiratory valve
D.
An incompetent inspiratory
valve causes part of the
expired gas to flow back into
the inspiratory limb and
allows these exhaled gases to
be inspired with the next
breath. This results in a delay
in the initiation of Phase IV of
the capnogram.
Concerning the use of lasers, as wavelength increases:
A. tissue penetration increases
B. The area of coagulation increases
C. Absorption by water increases
D. The risk of retinal damage increases
C.
As wavelength increases the
energy of the laser light
decreases. There is increased
absorption by water and
decreased tissue penetration
and coagulation. Corneal
damage is more likely with
longer wavelength lasers
(CO2 laser) and retinal
damage is more likely with
shorter wavelength lasers
(YAG laser).
Advantages of nondiverting (followthrough) capnographs include:
A. Light weight
B. No traction placed on the ETT
C. No aspiration of gas from the circuit
D. Direct delivery of aspirated gas to the scavenger
D
Nondiverting capnographs
measure carbon dioxide
passing through an adaptor
placed in the breathing
circuit. The weight of the
sensor can cause traction on
the tracheal tube. However,
since the sensor is in the gas
stream, no aspiration of gas is
required.
In order for leakage current to be perceptible to touch, the current must exceed:
A. 0.5 mA
B. 1.0 mA
C. 20 mA
D. 100 mA
B: 1.0 mA
A 78 year old female is scheduled to undergo a R TKA. Prior to induction, the rhythm strip below is obtained. At this time, the most appropriate course of action is:
A. Proceed with induction of GA
B. Postpone the procedure and obtain a cardiology consult
C. Perform a regional anesthetic with invasive monitoring
D. Proceed with RSI of GA
B.
postpone the case and obtain
a cardiology consultation.
3rd degree heart block
Small circuit leaks will have little effect on MV when using a
A. Time-cycled Ventilator
B. Pressure-cycled ventilator
C. Volume-cycled ventilator
D. Hanging Bellows Ventilator
B.
With pressure-cycled
ventilators, small leaks will
not cause a change in tidal
volume, and secondarily
minute ventilation, because
cycling will be delayed until
the pressure limit is met.
Hanging-bellows ventilators
are no longer approved for
use in the anesthesia circuit.
Some patients are at increased risk for hand ischemia secondary to radial artery catheterization because of an incomplete Palmer arch. The approximate percentage of patients with an incomplete palmar arch is:
A. 1%
B 5%
C. 10%
D. 15%
B. 5%
As compared to non-rebreathing circuits, disadvantages of the circle system include:
A. Higher fresh gas flow rates are needed
B. Decreased humidity of inspired gases as compared to mapelson D circuits
C. Higher system resistance
D. Higher inspiratory CO2 levels
C. Higher System Resistance
Higher system resistance
Disadvantages of the circle
system include: greater size,
decreased portability,
increased complexity,
increased risk of
disconnection, increased
system resistance and
difficulty in predicting
inspired gas concentrations
during low fresh gas flows.
With a properly functioning
carbon dioxide absorber,
inspired carbon dioxide levels
should approach zero in the
circle system.
The tracing below is noted during insertion of a PAC. As the catheter is advanced further:
A. The pulse pressure will increase
B. The systolic pressure will increase
C. The diastolic pressure will increase
D. The dicrotic notch will be lost
C. The diastolic pressure will be lost.
This tracing is of the RV. AS the catheter is advanced further, it will cross the pulmonic valve and the diastolic pressure will increase.
Determinants of Bobbin Position in the flowmeter include:
A. Gas density at low flow rates
B. Gas viscosity at high flow rates
C. Gas molecular weight at high flow rates
D. Changes in atmospheric pressure
E. Introduction of volatile agent
F. The use of Nitrous oxide in the gas mixture
Answer: C, D
At low (laminar) flow rates
the bobbin height is
determined by gas viscosity.
At high (turbulent) flow rates
the bobbin height is
determined by gas density.
Since gas density is directly
proportional to the molecular
weight of the gas, bobbin
height during high flows is
determined also by molecular
weight.
Problems inherent with the dye-dilution technique of measuring CO include:
A. The need for specialized pulmonary artery catheters
B. Mixed venous sampling is required
C. Background indicator buildup
D. Intrapulmonary shunting may cause measurement inaccuracies
Answer: C
The dye-dilution technique
introduces the problems of
indicator recirculation,
arterial blood sampling and
background indicator buildup.
The need for a return electrode to the electrocautery can be eliminated if:
A. Bipolar electrodes are used
B. The patient is properly grounded
C. An isolation transformer is used
D. Ultrahigh electrical frequencies are used
Answer: A
Bipolar electrodes confine
current propagation to a few
millimeters, eliminating the
need for a return electrode.
Pulse oximetry changes seen in carbon monoxide poisoning include:
A. Decreased SPO2 levels
B. Falsely increased SPO2 levels
C. SPO2 of 85% regardless of actual SPO2
D. Augmentation of pulsatile waveform
Answer: B
Because carboxyhemoglobin
and oxyhemoglobin absorb
light at 660 nm identically,
pulse oximeters will register a
falsely high reading in
patients with carbon
monoxide poisoning.
A 53 year old male is undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. He is currently receiving 6% desflurane and oxygen at 3L/min. A ventilator lacking FGF compensation is set to TV = 700mL, Rate 9, I:E 1:2. The patients MV is:
Because the ventilator spill valve is closed during inspiration, FGF contributes to the MV.
With I:E 1:2, FGF contributes to the MV 33% of the time.
This results in an increase of MV of 1L/min.
The patients total MV is therefore (0.7L) x (9 breaths/min) + 1 = 7.3 mL
Central venous pressure measurements should be made:
A. During inspiration
B. During expriation
C. At the end of inspiration
D. At the end of expiration
Answer: B
Measurement of CVP is made
with a water column or
transducer. The pressure
should be measured during
end expiration.
During Exhalation, sticking of the spill valve of the ventilator can result in:
A. Inadequate patient ventilation
B. The application of PEEP
C. Elevated CO2 levels
D. The application of negative airway pressure during exhalation
Answer: B
The ventilator has its own
pressure-relief valve, called
the spill valve, which is
closed during inspiration and
open at the end of exhalation.
Sticking of this valve results
in abnormally elevated airway
pressure during exhalation.
The decline in core temperature during the first hour of general anesthesia is largely due to:
A. Conduction
B. Convection
C. Radiation
D. Redistribution of heat to cooler peripheral tissues
Answer: D
Temperature decreases during
general anesthesia can be
grouped into 3 phases. Phase I
is usually a decrease of 1 - 2o
C that occurs during the first
hour and is the result of
redistribution of heat to cooler
peripheral tissues.
Phase II
occurs over the next 3 - 4
hours and is a result of heat
loss to the environment.
During Phase III, a steady-
state equilibrium is
established between heat
production and loss to the
environment with little
change in core temperature.
