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CC8 Acids Flashcards

(24 cards)

1
Q

What does soluble mean? What does insoluble mean?

A

Dissolves in water. Does not dissolve in water

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2
Q

Define acid in terms of pH

A

A substance with a pH of less than 7

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3
Q

Define acids in terms of ions

A

A substance which releases H⁺ ions in solution

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4
Q

What is a neutral solution?

A

A solution with a pH of 7. Water is an example.

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5
Q

How do you measure pH?

(2 ways)

A

With an indicator or pH probe.

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6
Q

Which ions are always present in a solution of an alkali?

A

hydroxide ions - OH⁻

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7
Q

What is a neutralisation reaction?

A

A reaction involving an acid that results in a neutral solution.

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8
Q

How do you make a soluble salt from an acid?

A

React the acid with a base. E.g. to make copper sulphate react copper oxide with sulphuric acid

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9
Q

If a salt is in solution, how do you extract it as a solid?

A

Allow the water to evaporate off and it will leave the salt behind as a solid.

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10
Q

What is a strong acid?

A

An acid which completely splits up into its ions in water. E.g. when HCl is in water all the HCl molecules split up into H⁺ and Cl⁻.

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11
Q

What is a weak acid?

A

An acid which will have some molecules which do not split up into their ions.

ethanoic acid only some of the molecules will have split into H⁺ ions.

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12
Q

What is the relationship between an acid of pH2 and an acid of pH 3?

A

pH 2 is 10 times more hydrogen ions than pH 3

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13
Q

What is a concentrated acid?

A

An acid where there are lots of acid particles in the water.

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14
Q

What is a dilute acid?

A

An acid where there are fewer acid particles in the water.

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15
Q

How can hydrogen be tested for?

A

Makes a squeaky pop when a lit splint is placed in it

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16
Q

How can carbon dioxide be tested for?

A

Bubble through limewater, turns it milky (cloudy)

17
Q

What causes some metals not to completely react with an acid?

A

A layer of the salt produced formed on the surface of the metal blocking the acid from the metal

18
Q

What is a precipitate?

A

A product formed from a chemical reaction of two liquids that is solid

19
Q

What do you see if a precipitate forms?

A

turn cloudy, see the solid particles

20
Q

What do you see if carbondioxide or hydrogen is formed?

A

bubbles because they are gasses

21
Q

What is a neutralisation reaction?

A

A reaction involving an acid that results in a neutral solution.

22
Q

What colour is litmus in acid and alkali? Acid – red

A

alkali – blue

23
Q

What colour is methyl orange in acid and alkali? Acid – red

A

alkali – yellow

24
Q

What colour is phenol phthalein in acid and alkali? Acid – colourless

A

alkali – pink