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NCLEX REVIEW > CCBs, Cardiac Rhythms etc > Flashcards

CCBs, Cardiac Rhythms etc Flashcards

1
Q

CCBS are like _____ for the heart

A

Valium
They have negative Chrono, Dromo., and Inotropic effects

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2
Q

Inotropic effect, Chronotropic, dromotropic

A

Ino-> contraction force
Chrono-> rate
Dromo -> Speed

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3
Q

Negative Inotropic effect, Chronotropic, dromotropic

A
  • Decreased force
    -Decreased rate
    -decreased speed
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4
Q

Positive Inotropic effect, Chronotropic, dromotropic

A
  • Increased force -> improved CO
  • Accelerated HR
  • Increased speed impulse
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5
Q

What conditions do you want to relax and slow the heart?

A

HTN
Angina
arrythmias

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6
Q

Common SE of CCBs

A

Headache and hypotension

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7
Q

Most CCBs end in

A

dipine” with exception to Diltiazem and verapilmil

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8
Q

Parameters for CCBs

A

Hold if SBP<100

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9
Q

Equally distant
- has a P wave, QRS, T wave with every waveform

A

Normal SR

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10
Q

No pattern, chaotic waveform

A

V- fib

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11
Q

Sharp peaks with a wave
Bizarre QRS

A

V-tach

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12
Q

Flat line

A

Aystole

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13
Q

Chaotic P waves

A

A-fib

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14
Q

Periodic Wide Bizarre QRS Complexes

A

PVCs

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15
Q

Saw tooth P-waves

A

Atrial Flutter

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16
Q

If it deals with QRS
If it deals with p Waves

A

its ventricular
Its Atrial

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17
Q

PVCs are usually low priority but are raised to a moderate priority when either one of 3 things happen:

A
  • There are more than 6 PVCs in a minute
  • More than 6 PVCs in a row
  • A PVC falls on a T wave
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18
Q

Are PVCs after an MI good or bad

A

Good indicates heart is perfusing

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19
Q

What arrythmias are lethal and have highest priority

A

Asystole and V-Fib

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20
Q

This arrythmia has the potential to become lethal and must be quickly treated

A

V-tach

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21
Q

Treatment for PVCs and V-Tach

A

Lidocaine
and Amioderone

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22
Q

Tx for Supraventricular Tachycardia and atrial arrythmias

A

“ABCD”
A- Adenosine fast IV push less than 8 secs and 20mL flush of NS)
B- Beta Blockers
C-CCBs
D-Digitalis and Lanoxin

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23
Q

Tx for V-Fib

A

Defib for V-fib

24
Q

Tx for asystole

A

Epi and Atropine

25
Q

What does a Chest tube do?

A

It reestablishes negative pressure in the pleural space to allow for lung to expand.

26
Q

What does a chest tube remove for a pneumothorax

A

Air

27
Q

What does a chest tube remove for a hemothorax

A

blood

28
Q

Is Bubbling expected in a chest tube for a pneumothorax?

A

Yes

29
Q

Is bubbling expected in a C tube for a hemothorax

A

No it should be Draining is instead

30
Q

Apical chest tubes removes what

A

Air

31
Q

Basilar C- tubes remove what

A

blood and body fluids

32
Q

Trauma and surgery pts assume that they get what? unilateral or bilat chest tubes?

A

Assume unilateral unless specified

33
Q

Chest tubes can be used for which one pneumonectomy or lobectomy?

A

A lobectomy

34
Q

What happens if a drainage device is knocked over

A

Ask pt to take a deep breath and set it up right, not an emergency

35
Q

What are the order of steps done if a water seal breaks

A
  1. Clamp
  2. Cut the tube
    3.submurge end of tube under steril water
  3. unclamp
36
Q

Most important step to do when water seal breaks

A

Submerge end of tube in sterile water

37
Q

What if Ctube gets pulled out?

A
  1. Take gloved hand and cover it
  2. Take a sterile vaseline gauze and tape 3 sides
38
Q

The best step or priority if chest tube gets pulled out is

A

Take a sterile vaseline gauze and tape 3 sides

39
Q

bubbling in a water seal chamber is good whe it occurs

A

intermittently and not continuous (this indicates a leak)

40
Q

Bubbling in a suction control chamber is good only when it occurs

A

continously!
If its only intermittent, pressure is too low and needs to be increased.

41
Q

What has a higher risk of infection a thoracentesis or C-Tube

A

The Chest tube

42
Q

How long can you clamp a tube for?

A

no more than 15 seconds and use rubber tooth double clamps.

43
Q

If a pediatric patient has a TRouBLe CHD they:

A
  • Needs surgery now
  • FAilure to thrive
  • have a shortened life
  • be discharged on a cardiac monitor
    -Will be in hospital for weeks after birth
  • referral to cardiologist
    -it will be an emotional and financial toll on parents
44
Q

A TRouBLe CHD is:

A

R and L: blood shunts form right to left
B: Blue Cyanosis
T: Starts with a T except for Left ventricle hypoplastic syndrome

45
Q

All children with either a TRouBLe CHD or Non- trouble CHD

A

Will have a mumur and need an echocardiogram

46
Q

The 4 defects of Tetralogy of Fallot are:

A
  • Pulmonary artery stenosis
    -RVH
    -Overriding aorta
    -VSD

“PROV”

47
Q

Contact precautions are used for anything:

A

Enteric, Staph, RSV, Herpes

48
Q

PPE used for Contact

A

-Private room preferred
-can be grouped only based on culture
-Gown, Gloves
-Disposable supply
-dedicated equipment

49
Q

When is droplet precautions used

A

For bugs traveling on large particles through coughing and sneezing less than 3 feet away
- Meningitis, Hib, Epiglottitis

50
Q

PPE for Droplet

A

-Private room Preferred
-Cohorted based on same culture
- handwashing
-Mask, goggles, face shield
- Disposable supply
-dedicated equipment

51
Q

When is Airborne Precautions used

A

MTV
- Measles, TB, Varicella

52
Q

PPE for Airborne

A
  • Private room preferred
  • can be in same roome based off of culture
  • Hand washing, goggles, FS, Respirator or N95
  • Pt must wear mask outside of room
    Door must be shut
    -Negative pressure room
53
Q

Donning on PPE

A

Gown
Mask
Goggles
Gloves

54
Q

Doffing PPE

A

Gloves
goggles
gown
mask

55
Q

IV Drip Rates

A

Volume x drop factor/ Time

56
Q

Macro drip

A

10 drops per mL

57
Q

Micro

A

60 drops per mL

NCLEX REVIEW (6 decks)

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