CCP Flashcards

1
Q

IAM Users

A

mapped to a physical user, has a password for AWS Console

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2
Q

IAM Groups

A

Containers users only

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3
Q

IAM Policies

A

JSON document that outlines permissions for users or groups

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4
Q

IAM Policies
Effect

A

Whether the statement allows or denies access (Allow, Deny)

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5
Q

IAM Policies
Principal

A

account/user/role to which this policy applies to

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6
Q

IAM Policies
Action

A

list of actions this policy allows or denies

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7
Q

IAM Policies
Resource

A

List of resources to which the actions applied to

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8
Q

IAM Security

A

MFA + Password Policy

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9
Q

AWS CLI

A

manage your aws services using a programming language

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10
Q

Access Keys

A

access AWS services using a programming language

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11
Q

IAM Audit Tools

A

-IAM Credentials Report (account-level)
-IAM Access Advisor (user-level)

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12
Q

Ports to know
SSH (Secure Shell) - log into Linux instance

A

Port 22

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13
Q

Ports to know
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) - upload files into a file share

A

Port 21

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14
Q

Ports to know
SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) - uploading files using SSH

A

Port 22

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15
Q

Ports to know
HTTP - access unsecured websites

A

Port 80

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16
Q

Ports to know
HTTPS - access secured websites

A

Port 433

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17
Q

Ports to know
RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol) - log into a windows instance

A

Port 3389

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18
Q

What is a EC2 instance made of

A

AMI (OS) + Instance Size (CPU + RAM) + Storage + security groups + EC2 User Data

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19
Q

What is a security Group

A

Firewall attached to the EC2 instance

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20
Q

What is EC2 User Data

A

Script launched at the first start of an instance

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21
Q

EBS Volume

A

(Elastic Block Storage Volume)
-Network drives attached to one EC2 instance at a time
-Mapped to Availability Zones
-Can use EBS Snapshots for backups / transferring EBS volumes across AZ

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22
Q

AMI

A

(Amazon Machine Image)
Create Ready to use EC2 instances with our customizations

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23
Q

EC2 Image Builder

A

Automatically build, test, and distribute AMI’s

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24
Q

EC2 Instance Store

A

-High performance hardware disk attached to our EC2 instance
-Lost if our instance is stopped / terminated

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25
Q

EFS

A

(Amazon Elastic File System)
Network file system, can be attached to 100s of instanced ina region

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26
Q

EFS-IA

A

Cost optimized storage class for infrequent accessed files

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27
Q

FSx for Windows

A

Network File system for windows servers

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28
Q

FSx for Lustre

A

High performance computing linux file system

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29
Q

High Availability

A

Run instances for same application cross multi AZ incase of failure

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30
Q

Scalability

A

Ability to accommodate a larger load by making the hardware stronger (scale up), or by adding nodes (scale out)

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31
Q

Elasticity

A

Once a system is scalable, elasticity means that there will be some “auto-scaling” so that the system can scale based on the load. This is “cloud-friendly”: pay per use, match demand, optimize costs

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32
Q

Agility

A

(not related to scalability - distractor on exam) new IT resources are only a click away, which means that you reduce the time to make those resources available to your developers from weeks to just minutes.

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33
Q

ELB

A

(Elastic Load Balancers)
-Distribute traffic across backend EC2 instances, can be Multi-AZ
-Supports health checkers
-3 types: Application LB (HTTP - L7), Network LB (TCP - L4), Classic LB (old)

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34
Q

ASG

A

(Auto Scaling Groups)
-Implement Elasticity for your application, across multiple AZ
-Scale EC2 instances based on the demand on your system, replace unhealthy
-Integrated with the ELB

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35
Q

S3 Buckets

A

-Globally unique name (across all regions all accounts)
-Created in a region

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36
Q

S3 Objects

A

-Objects (files) have a key
-The key is the FULL url path
-The key is composed of a prefix + object name
-There’s no concept of directories within buckers although the UI will trick you to think otherwise.

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37
Q

S3 security

A

IAM policy, S3 Bucket Policy (public access), S3 Encryption

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38
Q

S3 Websites

A

Host a static website on Amazon S3

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39
Q

S3 Versioning

A

multiple versions for files, prevent accidental delete

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40
Q

S3 Replication

A

same-region or cross-region, must enable versioning

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41
Q

S3 Storage classes

A

Standard, IA, IZ-IA, Intelligent, Glacier (Instant, Flexible, Deep)

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42
Q

SnowFamily

A

import data onto S3 through a physical device, edge computing

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43
Q

OpsHub

A

Desktop application to manage Snow Family Devices

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44
Q

Storage Gateway

A

Hybrid solution to extend on-premises storage to S3

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45
Q

Databases
Relational Databases OLTP SQL

A

(Online Transactional Processing)
RDS managed service for MySQL, MAriaDB, etc
Aurora (SQL) proprietary database optimized for cloud

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46
Q

Databases
Read Replicas

A

Scale the read workload of your DB
Can create up to 5 read replicas
Data is only written to main DB

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47
Q

Databases
Multi-AZ

A

Failover in case of AZ outage (High availability)
Data is only read/written to main database
Can only have 1 other AZ as failover

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48
Q

Databases
Multi-Region

A

MultiRegion (Read Replicas)
Disaster Recovery in case of region issue
Local performance for global reads
Replication cost

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49
Q

Databases
In-memory Database

A

ElastiCache

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50
Q

Databases
Key/Value Database

A

DynamoDB (serverless) & DAX (Cache for DynamoDB)

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51
Q

Databases
Warehouse OLAP

A

(Online Analytical Processing): Redshift SQL

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52
Q

Databases
Hadoop Cluster

A

EMR (Elastic MapReduce)

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53
Q

Databases
Athena

A

Query data on Amazon S3 (serverless & SQL)

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54
Q

Databases
QuickSight

A

Dashboards on your data (Serverless)

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55
Q

Databases
DocumentDB

A

“Aurora for MongoDB” (JSON - NoSQL database

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56
Q

Databases
Amazon QLDB

A

(Quantum Ledger Database)
Financial Transactions Ledger, like centralized blockchain

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57
Q

Databases
Amazon Managed Blockchain

A

Managed HyperLedger Fabric & Ethereum blockchains`

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58
Q

Databases
Glue

A

Managed ETL (Extract Transform Load) and Data Catalog service

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59
Q

Databases
DMS

A

Database Migration

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60
Q

Databases
Neptune

A

Graph database used websites like wikipedia, facebook

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61
Q

Docker

A

container technology to run applications

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62
Q

ECS

A

(Elastic Container Service)
run Docker containers on EC2 instances you provision and maintain

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63
Q

Fargate

A

-Run Docker containers without provisioning the infrastructure
-Serverless offering (no EC2 instances)

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64
Q

ECR

A

(Elastic Container Registry)
Private Docker Images Repository

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65
Q

Batch

A

run batch jobs on AWS across managed EC2 instances

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66
Q

Lightsail

A

-predictable & low pricing for simple application & DB stacks
-AWS for dummies

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67
Q

Lambda

A

Lambda is Serverless, Function as a Service, seamless scaling, reactive

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68
Q

Lambda Billing

A

(pay per call or pay per duration)
By the time run multiplied by the RAM provisioned
By the number of invocations

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69
Q

CloudFormation

A

(AWS only)
-Infrastructure as Code, works with almost all of AWS resources
-Repeat across Regions & Accounts

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70
Q

Beanstalk

A

(AWS only)
-Platform as a Service (PaaS), limited to certain programing languages or Docker
-Deploy code consistently with a known architecture

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71
Q

CodeDeploy

A

(Hybrid)
Deploy & upgrade any app onto servers

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72
Q

Systems Manager

A

(Hybrid)
patch, configure, and run commands at scale

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73
Q

OpsWorks

A

(Hybrid)
managed Chef and Puppet in AWS

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74
Q

CodeCommit

A

Store code in private git repository (version controlled)
GitHub for AWS

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75
Q

CodeBuild

A

Build & test code in AWS

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76
Q

CodeDeploy

A

Deploy code on to servers

77
Q

CodePipeline

A

Orchestration of pipeline (from code to build to deploy)

78
Q

CodeArtificat

A

Store software packaged / dependencies on AWS

79
Q

CodeStar

A

Unified view for allowing devs to do CI/CD and code
One stop shop for all Code… services

80
Q

Cloud9

A

Cloud IDE like visual code with collab

81
Q

AWS CDK

A

Define your cloud infrastructure using a programming language

82
Q

Route 53

A

Global DNS
Great to route users to the closet deployment with least latency
Great for disaster recovery strategies

83
Q

CloudFront

A

Global Content Delivery Network (CDN)
-Replicate part of our app to AWS Edge Locations decrease latency
-Cache common request improved user experience & decreased latency

84
Q

S3 Transfer Acceleration

A

Accelerate global uploads & downloads into Amazon S3

85
Q

AWS Global Accelerator

A

Improve global app availability and performance using the AWS global private network

86
Q

AWS Outposts

A

Deploy Outposts Racks in your own Data Centers to extend AWS services

87
Q

AWS WaveLength

A

Brings AWS services to the edge of the 5G networks
Ultra-low latency applications

88
Q

AWS Local Zones

A

Bring AWS resources closer to users in in large populations
Good for latency sensitive applications

89
Q

CloudWatch Metrics

A

Monitor the performance of AWS services and billing metrics

90
Q

CloudWatch Alarms

A

Automate notification, perform EC2 action, notify to SNS based on metric

91
Q

CloudWatch Logs

A

Collect log files from EC2 instances, servers, Lambda functions, etc

92
Q

CloudWatch Events (or EventBridge)

A

Collect log files from EC2 instances, servers, Lambda functions, etc

93
Q

CloudTrail

A

audit API calls made within your AWS account

94
Q

CloudTrail Insights

A

automated analysis of your CloudTrail Events

95
Q

X-Ray

A

trace requests made through your distributed applications

96
Q

Service Health Dashboard

A

Status of all AWS services across all regions

97
Q

Personal Health Dashboard

A

AWS events that impact your infrastructure

98
Q

Amazon CodeGuru

A

Automated code reviews and application performance recommendations

99
Q

VPC

A

(Virtual Private Cloud)
private regional network to deploy your resources

100
Q

Subnets

A

Tied to an AZ, network partition of the VPC

101
Q

Internet Gateway

A

at the VPC level, provide internet Access

102
Q

Nat Gateway (Managed) / Nat Instances (You manage)

A

give internet access to private subnets

103
Q

NACL

A

(Network Access Control List)
Stateless (Allow or Deny) firewall, subnet rules for inbound and outbound

104
Q

Security Groups

A

Stateful (Allow), operate at the EC2 instance level or ENL

105
Q

VPC Peering

A

Connect two VPC with non overlapping IP ranges, nontransitive

106
Q

VPC Endpoints

A

Provide private access to AWS services within VPC

107
Q

PrivateLink

A

Privately connect to a service in a 3rd party VPC

108
Q

VPC Flow Logs

A

Network traffic logs

109
Q

Site to Site VPN

A

VPN over public internet between on-premises DC and AWS

110
Q

Client VPN

A

OpenVPN connection from your computer to your VPC

111
Q

Direct Connect

A

Direct private connection to AWS

112
Q

Transit Gateway

A

Connect thousands of VPC and on-premises networks together

113
Q

Shield

A

Automatic DDos Protection + 24/7 support for advanced

114
Q

WAF

A

Web Application Firewall to filter incoming requests based on rules

115
Q

KMS

A

(Key Management Service)
Encryption keys managed by AWS

116
Q

CloudHSM

A

Hardware encryption, customer manages encryption keys

117
Q

AWS Certificate Manager

A

provision, manage, and deploy SSL/TLS Certificates

118
Q

Artifact

A

Get access to compliance reports such as PCI, ISO, etc

119
Q

GuardDuty

A

Find malicious behavior with VPC, DNS, and CloudTrail Logs

120
Q

Inspector

A

For EC2 only, install agent and find vulnerabilities

121
Q

Config

A

Track config changes and compliance against rules

122
Q

Macie

A

Find sensitive data (ex:PII data) in Amazon S3 buckets

123
Q

CloudTrail

A

Track API calls made by users within account

124
Q

AWS Security Hub

A

Gather security findings from multiple AWS accounts

125
Q

Amazon Detective

A

Find the root cause of security issues or suspicious activities

126
Q

AWS Abuse

A

report AWS resources used for abusive or illegal purposes

127
Q

Root user privileges

A

Change account settings
Close your AWS account
Change or cancel your AWS Support plan
Register as a seller in a Reserved Instance Marketplace

128
Q

Rekognition

A

face detection, labeling, celebrity recognition

129
Q

Transcribe

A

audio to text (ex: subtitles)

130
Q

Polly

A

text to audio

131
Q

Translate

A

language translations

132
Q

Lex

A

build conversational bots - chatbots
Powers Alexa

133
Q

Connect

A

use with lex to create cloud contact center

134
Q

Comprehend

A

For Natural Language Processing - NLP

135
Q

SageMaker

A

Fully managed service for developers / data scientists to build ML models

136
Q

Forcast

A

Machine learning for highly accurate forecasts and predictions

137
Q

Kendra

A

Fully managed document search service powered by ML

138
Q

Personalize

A

Personalized recommendations, same tech used on amazon.com

139
Q

Textract

A

detect text and data in documents

140
Q

AWS 4 Pricing Models

A

-Pay as you go
-Save when you reserve
-Pay less by using more
-Pay less as AWS grows

141
Q

EC2 Pricing

A

-On-demand, pay as you go
-Reserved, up to 75% off, 1 or 3 years commitment, All upfront, partial upfront, or no upfront
-Spot Instances, Bid for unused capacity, can loose it
-Dedicated Host, on-demand, reservation for 1 or 3 years
-Savings plans save on sustained usage

142
Q

Lambda and ECS Pricing

A

-Lambda
Pay per call
Pay per duration
-ECS
EC2 Launch Type Model: No additional fees, you pay for AWS resources stored and created in your application
-Fargate
Fargate Launch Type Model: Pay for vCPU and memory resources allocated to your applications in your containers

143
Q

Cost and Usage Reports

A

-Comprehensive set of AWS cost and usage data available, including additional metadata about AWS services, pricing, reservations
-Lists AWS usage for each service category used by an account and its IAM users in hourly or daily line items, as well as any tags that you have activated for cost allocation purposes

144
Q

Cost Explorer

A

-Virtualize, understand, and manage your AWS costs and usage over time
-Choose an optimal Savings plan (to lower prices on your bill)
-Forecast usage up to 12 months based on previous usage

145
Q

AWS Budgets

A

Create budget and send alarms when costs exceeds the budget

146
Q

Trusted Advisor and categories

A

High level AWS account assessment tool

-Cost optimization
-Performance
-Security
-Fault tolerance
-Service limits

147
Q

Trusted Advisor 7 Core Checks

A

For Basic & Developer Support Plan

-S3 Bucket Permissions
-Security Groups - Specific Ports Unrestricted
-IAM use (one IAM user minimum)
-MFA on Root Account
-EBS Public Snapshots
-RDS Public Snapshots
-Service limits

148
Q

Trusted Advisor Full Checks

A

-Full checks available on 5 categories
-Ability to set CloudWatch alarms when reaching limits
-Programmatic Access using AWS Support API

149
Q

Compute Optimizer

A

Recommends resources’ configurations to reduce cost using machine learning

150
Q

Pricing Calculator

A

Cost of services on AWS

151
Q

Billing Dashboard

A

High level overview + free tier dashboard

152
Q

Cost Allocation Tags

A

Tag resources to create detailed reports

153
Q

Cost and Usage Reports

A

Most comprehensive billing dataset

154
Q

Cost Explorer

A

View current usage (detailed) and forecast usage

155
Q

Billing Alarms

A

In us-east-1 -track overall and per-service billing

156
Q

Budgets

A

more advanced - track usage, costs, RI, and get alerts

157
Q

Savings Plans

A

easy way to save based on long-term usage of AWS

158
Q

IAM

A

Identity and Access Management inside your AWS account
For users that you trust and belong to your company

159
Q

Organizations

A

Manage multiple AWS accounts

160
Q

STS

A

(Security Token Service)
Temporary, limited privileges credentials to access AWS resources

161
Q

Cognito

A

create a database of users for your mobile & web applications

162
Q

Directory Services

A

integrate Microsoft Active Directory in AWS

163
Q

IAM Identity Center

A

One login for multiple AWS accounts & applications

164
Q

Amazon WorkSpaces

A

-Managed Desktop as a Service (DaaS) solution to easily provision Windows or Linux desktops
-Great to eliminate management of on-premise VDI (Virtual Desktop Infrastructure)

165
Q

Amazon AppSteam 2.0

A

-Desktop Application Streaming Service
-The Application is delivered from within a web browser
-Example: Steam and use blender via the browser

166
Q

Amazon Sumerian

A

Create and run virtual realty (VR, augmented reality (AR), and 3D applications

167
Q

AWS IoT Core

A

Allows you to easily connect IoT devices to the AWS Cloud

168
Q

Amazon Elastic Transcoder

A

Used to convert media files stored in S3 into media files in the formats required by consumer playback devices (phones etc.)

169
Q

AWS AppSync

A

-Store and sync data across mobile and web apps in real-time
-Makes use of GraphQL (mobile technology from Facebook)

170
Q

AWS Amplify

A

A set of tools and services that helps you develop and deploy scalable full stack web and mobile applications

171
Q

AWS Device Farm

A

Fully-managed service that tests your web and mobile apps against desktop browsers, real mobile devices, and tablets

172
Q

AWS Backup

A

Fully-managed service to centrally manage and automate backups across AWS services

173
Q

Disaster Recovery Strategies

A

-Cheapest: Backup and restore
-average: Pilot Light
-Expensive: Warm StandBy
-Most expensive: Multi-site / Hot-site

174
Q

AWS Elastic Disaster Recovery (DRS)

A

Quickly and easily Recover your physical, virtual, and cloud-based servers into AWS

175
Q

AWS DataSync

A

Replication tasks are incremental after the first full load

176
Q

AWS Application Discovery Service

A

Plan migration projects by gathering information about on-premises data centers

Agentless Discovery (AWS Agentless Discovery Connector)

Agent-based Discovery (AWS Application Discovery Agent)

AWS Application Migration Service (MGN)
Lift and shift (rehost) solution which simplify migrating applications to AWS

177
Q

AWS Fault Injection Simulator (FIS)

A

Based on Chaos Engineering stressing an application by creating disruptive events (sudden increase of CPu or memory), observing how the system responds, and implementing improvements

178
Q

AWS Step Functions

A

-Build serverless visual workflow to orchestrate your Lambda functions
-Features: sequence, parallel, conditions, timeouts, error handling

179
Q

AWS Ground Station

A

Fully managed service that lets you control satellite communications, process data, and scale your satellite operations

180
Q

Amazon Pinpoint

A

-Scalable 2-way (outbound/inbound) marketing communications service
-Supports email, SMS, push, voice, and in-app messaging

181
Q

1st Pillar

A

Operation Excellence

Includes the ability to run and monitor systems to deliver business value and to continually improve supporting processes and procedures

-Perform operations as code
-Annotate documentation
-Make frequent, small, reversible changes
-Refine operations procedures frequently
-Anticipate failure
-Learn from all operational failures

182
Q

2nd Pillar

A

Security

Includes the ability to protect information, systems, and assets while delivering business value through risk assessments and mitigation strategies

-implement a strong identity foundation
-Enable traceability
-Apply security at all layers
-Automate security best practices
-Protect data in transit and at rest
-Keep people away from data
-Prepare for security events

183
Q

3rd Pillar

A

Reliability

Ability of a system to recover from infrastructure or service disruptions dynamically acquire computing resources to meet demand, and mitigate disruptions such as misconfigurations or transient network issues

-Test recovery procedures
-automatically recover from failure
-Scale horizontally to increase aggregate system availability
-Stop guessing capacity
-Manage change in automation

184
Q

4th Pillar

A

Performance Efficiency

Includes the ability to use computing resources efficiently to meet system requirements, and to maintain that efficiency as demand changes and technologies evolve

-Democratize advances technologies
-Go global in minutes
-Use serverless architectures
-Experiment more often
-Mechanical sympathy

185
Q

5th Pillar

A

Cost Optimization

Includes the ability to run systems to deliver business value at the lowest price point

-Adopt a consumption mode
-Measure overall efficiency
-Stop spending money on data center operations
-Analyze and attribute expenditure
-Use managed and application level services to reduce cost of ownership

186
Q

6th Pillar

A

Sustainability

The sustainability pillar focuses on minimizing the environmental impacts of running cloud workloads.

-Understand your impact
-Establish sustainability goals
-Maximize utilization
-Anticipate and adopt new, more efficient hardware and software offerings
-Use managed services
-Reduce the downstream impacts of your cloud workloads

187
Q

AWS Professional Services & Partner Network

A

APN = AWS Partner Network
-APN Technology Partners: Providing hardware, connectivity, and software
-APN Consulting Partners: professional services firm to help build on AWS
-APN Training Partners: Find who can help you learn AWS
-AWS Competency Program: AWS Competencies are granted to APN partners who have demonstrated technical proficiency and proven customer success in specialized solution areas
-AWS Navigate program: help partners become better Partners

188
Q

AWS IQ

A

Quickly find a professional help for your AWS projects