CDA Flashcards
The LNA was a…. network
nationwide
how many meetings did the LNA hold?
900 public meetings and organised 18,000 petitions
1875
the LNA newspaper the Shield was set up- this re-energised the movement when it was fading- published Mrs. Percy’s suicide
How did the LNA help lead to repeal 1886?
- got the support from working men
-gained publicity i press/ made MP’s question the idea of repeal
-maintained unity
evaluation- how sig. was the LNA?
Convinced society that CDA’s were immorally wrong/unjustifiable
-laid the ground work for opposition
but LNA did not garner much parliamentary support
Josephine Butler
charismatic and gifted speaker- leader of the LNA
1870-Butler
travelled 3,700 miles speaking at 99 meetings
limits to Butler
not organised BUT was supported by strong, hardworking colleagues
How did Butler help lead to repeal in 1886?
charismatic leader- stood out by force
leadership- focus on the issue
- energetic campaigning
Evaluation- how sig was Butler?
LNA would not have been as successful without her leadership AND did garner support of w/c men BUT lacked organisation
-struggled to work with medical elites who advocated regulation of prostitutes
-1871- Royal Commission
Elizabeth Wolstenholme
One of key investigators of campaign
-important women’s rights campaigner based in Manchester
hew did EW help lead to repeal?
it was her idea- she invited Butler to lead it
significance?
far less sig. than Butler as she did not take direct leadership
-reluctantly got married
National Association for the Repeal of the CDA’s
established 1869- branch association formed in Midlands and North
how did the National Association for the repeal of the CDA’s help repeal?
modest success in lobbying parl only
how sig?
Henry Wilson criticised the movement as ‘do nothings’ BUT as a result did lead to LNA being formed
JAMES STANSFELD- what did he do?
a strong advocate for repeal- following defeat of Liberal gov in 1874 he had the freedom to engage himself more into a CDA campaigner
-more electoral leagues established
-aimed for more medical stats
what did he encourage in 1875
formation of National Medical association to enlist the support of doctors
how did Stansfeld help lead to repeal in 1886?
garnered support of both m/c and w/c men
able to put significant pressure of gov.
able to make the movement for repeal into a more effective pressure group
how sig. was Stansfeld?
v important inside and outside of parl- he was able to put pressure on the gov whilst creating a more effective movement
-transforms the movement from a moral venture to a pragmatic one.
-moves doctors away from regulation and inspection.
Parliament- Liberal Party
early 1880’s- political committee created to push repeal in Parl
1880 election increased support for Liberals
how did this help lead to reform
Liberals became increasingly in favour of reform and it was eventually the gov that repealed the acts
how sig?
parl played a key role in repealing legislation but only because of the pressure of pressure groups
Why were the CDA’s repealed? list some factors
- Parliamentary commissions
2.Individuals- James Stansfield - Arguments presented by the opposition were logical and practical
- For most of the 1870’s a cons gov had been in power- but 1880+1886 election liberal gov had won who favoured taking actions that favoured social conditions.
- The media- published more coverage which opposed the laws- The Times- JB speech 1870.
