cell

Question 1

Gamete

Answer 1

Gametes are an organism’s reproductive cells. They are also referred to as sex cells. Female gametes are called ova or egg cells, and male gametes are called sperm.

Question 2

Binary fission

Answer 2

Binary fission, asexual reproduction by a separation of the body into two new bodies. In the process of binary fission, an organism duplicates its genetic material, or deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and then divides into two parts

Question 3

Gene

Answer 3

A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes are made up of DNA. Some genes act as instructions to make molecules called proteins.

Question 4

Chromosome

Answer 4

] The small bodies in the nucleus of a cell that carry the chemical “instructions” for reproduction of the cell. They consist of strands of DNA wrapped in a double helix around a core of proteins. Each species of plant or animal has a characteristic number of chromosomes.

Question 5

Chromatid

Answer 5

A chromatid is one of two identical halves of a replicated chromosome. During cell division, the chromosomes first replicate so that each daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes.

Question 6

Centromere

Answer 6

Centromeres are the fundamental chromosomal structure where proteins nucleate to form kinetochores that bind to spindle microtubules and mediate chromosome segregation during cell division.

Question 7

Homologous Chromosome

Answer 7

Homologous chromosomes are similiar but not identical. Each carries the same genes in the same order, but the alleles for each trait may not be the same.

Question 8

Diploid

Answer 8

Diploid is a cell or organism that has paired chromosomes, one from each parent. In humans, cells other than human sex cells, are diploid and have 23 pairs of chromosomes.

Question 9

Haploid

Answer 9

Haploid is the quality of a cell or organism having a single set of chromosomes. Organisms that reproduce asexually are haploid. Sexually reproducing organisms are diploid (having two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent).

Question 10

Zygote

Answer 10

Zygote, fertilized egg cell that results from the union of a female gamete (egg, or ovum) with a male gamete (sperm). In the embryonic development of humans and other animals, the zygote stage is brief and is followed by cleavage,

Question 11

Karyotype

Answer 11

A karyotype is an individual’s collection of chromosomes. The term also refers to a laboratory technique that produces an image of an individual’s chromosomes.

Question 12

Cell Cycle

Answer 12

A karyotype is an individual’s collection of chromosomes. The term also refers to a laboratory technique that produces an image of an individual’s chromosomes.

Question 13

Interphase

Answer 13

interphase: the stage in the life cycle of a cell where the cell grows and DNA is replicated. sister chromatid: either of the two identical strands of a chromosome (DNA material) that separate during mitosis.

Question 14

Mitosis

Answer 14

Mitosis is a process where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells (cell division). … The major purpose of mitosis is for growth and to replace worn out cells

Question 15

Cytokinesis

Answer 15

Cytokinesis is the physical process of cell division, which divides the cytoplasm of a parental cell into two daughter cells. … Mitosis and each of the two meiotic divisions result in two separate nuclei contained within a single cell.

Question 16

Cancer

Answer 16

Cancer: An abnormal growth of cells which tend to proliferate in an uncontrolled way and, in some cases, to metastasize (spread). Cancer is not one disease. It is a group of more than 100 different and distinctive diseases

Question 17

Meiosis

Answer 17

Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in the parent cell by half and produces four gamete cells. This process is required to produce egg and sperm cells for sexual reproduction. Meiosis begins with a parent cell that is diploid, meaning it has two copies of each chromosome.