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Biology > Cell and Mitosis Test > Flashcards

Cell and Mitosis Test Flashcards

1
Q

Stores genetic material

A

nucleus

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2
Q

Non-living exterior layer of some cells

A

cell wall

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3
Q

Provides protection and support to plant cells

A

cell wall

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4
Q

Controls what enters and leave the cell

A

cell membrane

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5
Q

The outer layer of animal cells

A

cell membrane

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6
Q

A maze-like pathway that allows materials to travel around the cell

A

endoplasmic reticulum

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7
Q

The cell filling containing many of the nutrients needed for life

A

cytoplasm

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8
Q

Makes proteins for the cell

A

ribosome

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9
Q

Makes sugar or food for the cell from sunlight, water and carbon dioxide

A

chloroplast

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10
Q

Makes energy for the cell from sugar or food

A

mitochondria

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11
Q

Breaks down molecules or dead cell parts

A

lysosome

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12
Q

Packages materials so that they can leave the cell

A

golgi body

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13
Q

Vacuole

A

stores water or other materials for the cell

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14
Q

What benefits do plants get from cell walls?

How do animals benefit from not having cell walls?

A

Plants need cell walls for protection and support.

Animals do not have them allowing them to move.

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15
Q

Why do plants need larger vacuoles than animals?

A

They need to store water to do photosynthesis. Since it does not rain every day, they need to store it.

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16
Q

Why do animals need more lysosomes than plants?

A

Plants make their own food (sugar) through photosynthesis.

Animals eat food which must be broken down before it can be used.

17
Q

Why do plants need chloroplasts? What do animals need to do because they do not have them?

A

Plants need chloroplasts to make sugar to supply their cells with energy.

Animals must eat food (sources of energy) because they do not have them.

18
Q

What three things are needed to do photosynthesis in the chloroplasts?

A

Sunlight (energy), CO2, H2O

19
Q

What two things are created by photosynthesis?

A

Sugar and O2

20
Q

What three things are created to do cell respiration?

A

Energy for the cell, H2O, CO2

21
Q

What two things are needed to do cell respiration?

A

O2, Sugar

22
Q

What is the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration?

A

They are opposites of each other! What comes out of the chloroplast is needed by the mitochondria and vice versa.

23
Q

Do plant or animal cells do cell respiration?

A

BOTH!!!! Plants need to turn sugar into energy, too!

24
Q

Do plant or animal cells do photosynthesis?

A

Plant only.

25
Q

The chromosomes are doubled in this phase of the cell cycle.

A

Interphase

26
Q

The chromosomes condense to form x-shapes in

A

Prophase

27
Q

The chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell in

A

Metaphase

28
Q

the chromosomes move to opposite sides of the cell in

A

Anaphase

29
Q

Chromosomes relax into string shapes and a new nuclear membrane forms in

A

Telophase

30
Q

The division of two cells happens in

A

Cytokinesis

31
Q

Which two parts of the cell cycle are not part of mitosis?

A

Interphase and Cytokinesis

Mitosis is only the division of the nucleus

32
Q

If a cell has 10 chromosomes at the start of interphase how many will it have in prophase?

A

20…interphase doubles them

33
Q

If a cell has 20 chromosomes at the start of interphase how many cells will there be after cytokinesis is complete?

A

2…no matter how many chromosomes there are there will always be 2 cells

34
Q

If a cell has 30 chromosomes at the start of interphase, how many will there be in the two new cells made by mitosis?

A

30 in each new cell. Mitosis creates two new cells with the same number of chromosomes as the original cell.

35
Q

If a cell has 12 chromosomes at the start of interphase how many will it have in prophase?

A

24…interphase doubles them

36
Q

If a cell has 40 chromosomes at the start of interphase how many cells will there be after cytokinesis is complete?

A

2…no matter how many chromosomes there are there will always be 2 cells

37
Q

If a cell has 14 chromosomes at the start of interphase, how many will there be in the two new cells made by mitosis?

A

14 in each new cell. Mitosis creates two new cells with the same number of chromosomes as the original cell.

Biology (6 decks)

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