Cell Biology

Question 1

What type of cells are animal and plant cells?

Answer 1

Eukaryotic cells

Eukaryotic cells have genetic material (DNA) contained in a nucleus.

Question 2

What is a key characteristic of prokaryotic cells?

Answer 2

• Single-celled
• No nucleus
• Contain plasmids
• Smaller than eukaryotic cells

Question 3

Sub-cellular structures of Animal cell

Answer 3

• Cell membrane
• Nucleus
• Mitochondria
• Ribosomes
• Cytoplasm

Question 4

Sub-cellular structures of Plant cell

Answer 4

• Cell membrane
• Nucleus
• Mitochondria
• Ribosomes
• Cytoplasm
• Permanent vacule
• Chloroplasts
• Cell wall

Question 5

Sub-cellular structures of Bacteria cell

Answer 5

• Cell membrane
• Cell wall
• Cytoplasm
• Flagellum
• Bacterial DNA loop
• Plasmid DNA rings

Question 6

What is the main function of the cell membrane?

Answer 6

Controls the movement of substances in and out of a cell.

Question 7

What does the nucleus contain?

Answer 7

DNA.

Question 8

Where is energy released through respiration in a cell?

Answer 8

Mitochondria.

Question 9

What is the site of protein synthesis in a cell?

Answer 9

Ribosomes.

Question 10

What is cytoplasm?

Answer 10

A jelly-like substance where chemical reactions happen.

Question 11

What is a plasmid?

Answer 11

Small rings of DNA found in bacteria.

Question 12

What are the characteristics of a light microscope?

Answer 12

• Uses light to form images
• Relatively cheap
• Low resolution
• Living samples can be viewed
• Low magnification.

Question 13

What is the main advantage of an electron microscope?

Answer 13

High magnification and high resolution.

Question 14

What is a permanent vacuole?

Answer 14

Contains cell sap.

Question 15

What do chloroplasts contain, and what is their function?

Answer 15

Contain chlorophyll to absorb light energy for photosynthesis.

Question 16

What is the composition of the cell wall in plant cells?

Answer 16

Made of cellulose, which strengthens the cell.

Question 17

How is the magnification of an image calculated?

Answer 17

Magnification = image size / actual size.

Question 18

Fill in the blank: Bacteria have a single loop of DNA and _______.

Answer 18

plasmids.

Question 19

True or False: Electron microscopes can view living samples.

Answer 19

False.

Question 20

What is the primary function of ribosomes?

Answer 20

Site of protein synthesis.

Question 21

List three structures found in a plant cell that are not found in an animal cell.

Answer 21

• Cell wall
• Chloroplasts
• Permanent vacuole.

Question 22

What is the jelly-like substance in a cell where chemical reactions occur?

Answer 22

Cytoplasm.