Cell Biology

Question 1

Sub-cellular Organelles

Answer 1

• Nucleus
• Nucleoskeleton & Lamina
• Nucleolus
• ER
• Golgi
• Mitochondria

Question 2

Nucleus Structure

Answer 2

• Inner nuclear membrane defining the nucleus itself
• Outer is continuous with ER
• Membranes fuse at Nuclear pores

Question 3

What happens in Nucleolus

Answer 3

• Ribosomal RNA synthesis
• Ribosome assembly

Question 4

Smooth ER

Answer 4

• Lacks ribosomes (smooth)
• FA & Phospholipid synth.
• Ca2+ Storage
• Glucose metabolism (G6Pase)
• Detoxification (liver)

Question 5

Rough ER

Answer 5

• Orientation of TM proteins
• Folding proteins
• N-glycosylation (folding, sorting, stability, hydrophilic making)

Question 6

Golgi Complex (+faces)

Answer 6

Does series of enzyme-catalyzed mods. to proteins to allow normal function
- Cis-face: Nearest nucleus, receives from ER via T.vesicles
- Trans-face: Nearest PM, packages molecules, transporting out of Golgi

Question 7

Golgi functions

Answer 7

• O-glycosylation
• Proteoglycan synth.
• Lipid mod. (glycolip, sphingomyel.)
• Proteolysis
• Sorting (what goes where)

Question 8

Mitochondria

Answer 8

• Inner membrane makes folds called Cristae
• Matrix fills inside
• CytC store activates Caspases (apoptosis)
• Brown adipose for heat
• Ca2+ storage