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Biology - Mocks > Cell Biology > Flashcards

Cell Biology Flashcards

1
Q

What structures are in an animal cell?

A 
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
Nucleus
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2
Q

What structures are in a plant cell?

A 
Cell wall
Cell membrane
Vacuole
Cytoplasm
Chloroplasts
Nucleus
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3
Q

What structures are in a bacterium?

A 
Capsule
Plasma membrane
Ribosomes
Pili
Nucleoid (DNA)
Flagellum
Cell wall
Plasmid
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4
Q

What are the products of Mitosis?

A

2 genetically identical daughter cells

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5
Q

What function do cells made through Mitosis have?

A

Repair of damaged tissue

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6
Q

What are the products of Meiosis

A

4 non-identical daughter cells

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7
Q

What function do cells made from Meiosis have?

A

Produces new genetic combinations in individuals

Increases variety of offspring

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8
Q

Are chromosomes pulled apart in Mitosis or Meiosis?

A

Mitosis

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9
Q

Are there two cell divisions in Mitosis or Meiosis?

A

Meiosis

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10
Q

What are stem cells?

A

Cells w/ the ability to turn into any type of cells in the organism

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11
Q

Are embryonic or adult stem cells more versatile?

A

Embryonic

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12
Q

What process changes cells in order to be specialised?

A

Differentiation

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13
Q

What is an example of a specialised cell?

A
  1. Sperm cells - reproduction
  2. Nerve cells - rapid signalling
  3. Root hair cells - absorbing water + minerals
  4. Phloem/Xylem - transporting substances
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14
Q

Enzymes are…

A

… biological catalysts which control reactions in cells

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15
Q

What are enzymes made of?

A

Long chains of amino acids which form specific shapes

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16
Q

What is the name for the site where substances bind?

A

Active site

17
Q

‘The enzyme and the substrate are complementary in shape’

What is the name of this hypothesis?

A

Lock and key hypothesis

18
Q

What happens to enzymes if the temperature/pH changes?

A

They can denature

19
Q

Formula for aerobic respiration

A

Glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water ( + ATP)

20
Q

What is ATP?

A

A temporary store of energy

21
Q

Formula for anaerobic respiration

A

Glucose = lactic acid ( + a bit of energy)

22
Q

Formula for anaerobic respiration in yeast

A

Glucose = ethanol + carbon dioxide ( + ATP)

Biology - Mocks (3 decks)

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