cell biology and homeostasis

Question 1

abiotic

Answer 1

non living organisms, (“a” means non”)

Question 2

biotic

Answer 2

living organism

Question 3

virus

Answer 3

an infectious agent that replicates inside the living cell of an organism

Question 4

biology

Answer 4

study of living things

Question 5

effector

Answer 5

responds to signals from control center, takes action to return value to normal range.

Question 6

receptor

Answer 6

detects change environment and signals control center

Question 7

autotrophic

Answer 7

self feeding

Question 8

homeostasis

Answer 8

process where body maintains stable internal environment despite external changes

Question 9

heterotrophic

Answer 9

gets food from other plants and animals

Question 10

negative feedback cycle

Answer 10

effector is stabilizing changes in body by counteracting the change.

Question 11

prokaryote

Answer 11

organism that lacks a nucleus, generally a bacteria

Question 12

photosynthesis

Answer 12

transform light into energy

Question 13

eukaryote

Answer 13

cells that contain a nucleus and other membrane bound materials

Question 14

cellular respiration

Question 15

biogenesis

Answer 15

theory that living things only come from other living things

Question 16

passive transport

Answer 16

movement of materials through cell membrane without cell energy being used

Question 17

diffusion

Answer 17

movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration until equilibrium is reached.

Question 18

osmosis

Answer 18

diffusion of water molecules through selectively permeable membrane from high concentration to low.

Question 19

dynamic equilibrium

Answer 19

when materials are moving in and out of the cell membrane at equal rates.

Question 20

isotonic solution

Answer 20

concentration of water outside the cell is equal to the water inside due to even concentration of solute across cell membrane.

Question 21

selectively permeable

Answer 21

allows some materials to pass through the cell but not others

Question 22

hypotonic solution

Answer 22

concentration of water outside of cell is higher than water inside the cell.

Question 23

hypertonic

Answer 23

concentration of water outside of cell is lower than water inside the cell.

Question 24

active transport

Answer 24

movement of materials through cell membrane using energy. (from low concentration to high)

Question 25

endocytosis

Answer 25

process of moving substances into cell by vesicle formation.

Question 26

exocytosis

Answer 26

process of moving substances out of cell.

Question 27

phagocytosis

Answer 27

transport of solids into cell

Question 28

pinocytosis

Answer 28

transport of liquids into cell

Question 29

facilitated diffusion

Answer 29

movement of particles with assistance through the membrane by protein molecules

Question 30

turgor pressure

Answer 30

force that pushes cell membrane against cell wall

Question 31

concentration gradient

Answer 31

difference of concentrations between two regions

Question 32

plasmolysis

Answer 32

loss of water in a cell