cell cycle

Question 1

what is the purpose of cell division?

Answer 1

cell division is essential for organism creation, growth and repair. it allows multicellular organisms to function normally and enables unicellular organisms to produce identical offspring

Question 2

what are the main phases of the cell cycle?

Answer 2

G1 - growth phase where cell synthesises proteins and prepares for dna replication. S phase - dna replication. G2 phase - duplicated chromosomes are checked for error. mitotic phase - nuclear division and cytokinesis

Question 3

what are the phases of mitosis?

Answer 3

prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Question 4

which phases of the cell cycle make up interphase?

Answer 4

G1, S and G2

Question 5

what is the function of the G1 checkpoint?

Answer 5

the cell commits to cell cycle entry and chromosome duplication. checks for nutrients, growth factors and DNA damage

Question 6

what is the function of the G2 checkpoint?

Answer 6

triggers early mitotic events leading to metaphase. checks for cell size and dna replication

Question 7

what is the function of the metaphase to anaphase checkpoint?

Answer 7

stimulates sister chromatid separation, completing mitosis and cytokinesis. checks for chromosome spindle attachment

Question 8

what are the main mechanisms that regulate Cdk activity?

Answer 8

cyclins, Cdk activating kinases (CAK), regulatory inhibitory phosphorylation (Wee1), Cdk inhibitory kinases (CKIs)

Question 9

what is the function of cyclin dependent kinases?