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Flashcards in Cell Cycle Deck (18)
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1
Q

How does DNA replicate itself?

A

SEMI-CONSERVATIVE REPLICATION

Helicase enzymes break hydrogen bonds holding two strands of DNA together

Nucleotides line up next to their corresponding bases by complimentary base paring, Joined together by polymerase enzymes to from polyneucloitides

ligase enzymes join the polyneucloetide chains to from two separate DNA molecules

2
Q

what is the cell cycle?

A

sequence of events carried out by every dividing eukaryotic cell

3
Q

Phase 1?

A

the cell grows

4
Q

Phase 2?

A

growth continues and DNA is replicated

5
Q

Phase 3?

A

apparatus for mitosis forms

6
Q

Phase 1,2 and 3?

A

Interphase

7
Q

Mitosis?

A

The division of the cell to form two diploid daughter cells

8
Q

Phophase?

A

DNA in the nucleus condenses into chromosomes.
nuclear Membrane disintegrates
Spindle apparatus is formed (network of microtubules)

9
Q

Metaphase?

A

Chromosomes align up the centre of the cell
spindle fibres attach and pull them apart
the chromotids become daughter chromosomes

10
Q

Anaphase?

A

spindle fibres shorten, pulling chromosomes to the poles

11
Q

Telophase?

A

When two sets of chromosomes reach opposite poles, the nuclei reform around them

12
Q

Mitokinesis?

A

the cell membrane pinches and sepperates into two diploid daughter cells

13
Q

Meiosis?

A

Cell division to form haploid gametes for sexual reproduction

14
Q

what occurs during meiosis?

A
every phase in mitosis
the nuclear envelope disintegrates again
the cells divide once more
this time the chromosomes separate
four haploid gametes formed.
15
Q

How is variation ensured during Meiosis?

A

Genes recombine randomly

random fusion of gametes

16
Q

Apoptosis

A

if a cell is no longer required this a a form of controlled cell death (self destruct)

17
Q

If a cell unnecessary enters the cell cycle and apoptosis does not occur what happens?

A

The cell will keep dividing, as a result it will from a tumour.

18
Q

Vicki Watkins

A

One sexy ass motherfucker!!!!!!