Cell cycle + cell replication

Question 1

Mitosis

Answer 1

The process which involves sorting and dividing of the DNA/ duplicated chromosomes into 2 equal halves and identical sets of DNA so that each daughter cell gets one set (nuclear contents)

Has prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase

Question 2

Interphase

Answer 2

-Cell spends most of its life in this phase
-performs its specialised functions and then prepares for cell division when the time comes

Question 3

Gap 1

Answer 3

-Cell grows after division to reach full size (may double in size)
-if cell reaches adulthood and fails checkpoint or will just never divide the cell will stop progressing through the cell cycle and enter G0

Question 4

S phase (synthesis)

Answer 4

-DNA is replicated creating 2 genetically identical copies of chromosomes
-Also the centriol poair duplicates to create 2 pairs

Question 5

Gap 2

Answer 5

-cell increases in size
-cell prepares for mitosis by undergoing rapid growth of its cytoplasm
-cell increases synthesis of proteins to make spindle fibres in mitosis

Question 6

PMAT

Answer 6

P-prophase
M-metaphase
A-anaphase
T-telophase

Question 7

Prophase (plump)

Answer 7

-the centrosomes begin to migrate to opposite pols
-spindle fibres begin to form between the centrosomes
-nuclear membrane starts to dissolve
-chromosomes become condensed

Question 8

Metaphase (middle)

Question 9

Anaphase

Question 10

Telophase

Question 11

Cytokinesis

Answer 11

The process that divides the cytoplasm in half to create 2 separate daughter cells (cytoplasmic contents)

Question 12

Gap 0

Answer 12

The cell will continue to perform their specialised function until they die (no division)
e.g. nerve and heart cells

Question 13

Cell cycle diagram

Question 14

Binary diffusion

Answer 14

1.
2.
3.

Question 15

asexual reproduction

Answer 15

q parent needed leads to genetically identical offspring
In humans-
In plants-

Question 16

sexual reproduction

Question 17

centrioles

Answer 17

-helps chromosomes move during cell division

Question 18

animal cell cytokinesis

Answer 18

a cleavage furrow forms to constrict the cell membrane in the middle of rthe cell and divide it

Question 19

plant cell cytokinesis

Answer 19

-Instead of making a cleavage furrow they make a cell plate in the middle of the cell

-Cell plate is made up of vesicles which contain the material needed to build the cell wall

-The vesicles fuse at the midline of the cell to create a new cell wall which completely separates the 2 daughter cells