Cell Differentiation Flashcards Preview

Biology: Topic 3 > Cell Differentiation > Flashcards

Flashcards in Cell Differentiation Deck (6)
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1
Q

What are stem cells?

A

Unspecialised cells that can develop into any other type of cell in an organism. They divide by mitosis.

2
Q

What is differentiation?

A

The process by which a cell becomes specialised.

3
Q

Define the term ‘totipotency’.

A

The ability of a stem cell to become any type of specialised cell in an organism, including extra-embryonic cells. They are only present in mammals after the first few divisions of an embryo. After this they become pluripotent.

4
Q

Define the term ‘pluripotency’.

A

The ability of a stem cell to become any type of specialised cell in an organism, except extra-embryonic cells.

5
Q

What is an extra-embryonic cell?

A

A cell that makes up part of the placenta or umbilical cord.

6
Q

Where else are stem cells found?

A
  1. In some adult tissue, but they are less flexible than embryonic stem cells.
  2. In growing parts of plants (roots/stem)