Cell Division Flashcards
What is the cell cycle?
is the orderly sequence of stages
that occurs between the time a cell divides and
the time the resulting daughter cells divide.
What are somatic cells?
are the body cells that continue to
undergo cell division even as an adult.
What is the first stage of the cell cycle?
Interphase
What happens during interphase?
Interphase is divided into three stages:
- G1 = stage before DNA synthesis
- S = DNA synthesis
- G2 = stage after DNA synthesis
What is meiosis?
- Occurs in the life cycle of sexually reproducing
organisms - Cuts the chromosome number in half
- Provides offspring with a different combination of
traits from that of either parent
What cells are being produced during meiosis?
Gametes
What are Gametes?
Sex cells, also known as male sperm and female egg.
How many types of each chromosome are there in a diploid (2n)?
Body cells have two of each type of chromosome.
How many types of each chromosome are there in a haploid (1n)?
Sex cells only have one of each type of
chromosome.
Chromosomes are composed of what?
Chromatin
What is a zygote?
is a fertilized egg cell that results from the union of a female gamete and a male gamete.
What are homologous chromosomes?
are paired chromosomes coming from both haploid parent cells
Where do daughter cells come from?
are produced after a single cell undergoes cell division
What happens during cytokinesis? (animal cell and plant cell)
(Animal cell)
– Cleavage furrow forms between daughter nuclei.
– Contractile ring contracts deepening the furrow
(Plant cell)
– The new cell wall is created between daughter cells
– A small disk appears and a cell plate forms.
What is mitosis?
is nuclear division that forms two
daughter nuclei with:
– The same number of chromosomes (2n)
– The same kind of chromosomes
