Cell energy Flashcards
(16 cards)
What are the reactants (ingredients) of photosynthesis?
sunlight, water and carbon dioxide
What are the products (outcomes) of photosynthesis?
glucose and oxygen
What is the function of chlorophyll during the process of photosynthesis?
a
Chlorophyll acts as an antenna to attract and absorb sunlight energy.
Photosynthesis takes place in 2 stages (phases). These stages are the light dependent and the light independent reactions (also known as the Calvin Cycle). What are the products of each reaction?
light dependent = oxygen; light independent = glucose
name some organisms can photosynthesize to create their own food (glucose) and oxygen?
plants, cyanobacteria and green algae.
The universal energy molecule used by cells to perform the cellular functions is:
ATP
How is energy stored and released by ATP?
ATP’s energy is stored and released in the bonds that hold the phosphate groups together.
Where do cells get the energy to regenerate (re-charge) ATP?
simple sugars like glucose
What is the purpose of glycolysis during cellular respiration?
to break down glucose into pyruvic acid
These two products of fermentation are why yeast cells are used in the beer and baking industries:
ethanol (alcohol) and carbon dioxide
Which of the following is a painful chemical bi-product of fermentation in humans?
lactic acid
Oxygen in Earth’s early atmosphere was generated by marine organisms such as cyanobacteria, which are sometimes called blue-green algae. By what process did cyanobacteria oxygenate the atmosphere?
photosynthesis
What is NOT a stage of aerobic (requiring oxygen) cellular respiration?
fermentation
Unlike photosynthesis, cellular respiration occurs in
all cells
what molecules is produced by and released during the Krebs cycle of aerobic cellular respiration?
carbon dioxide
The two main types of fermentation are called….
alcoholic and lactic acid.
