Cell Membranes

Question 1

What does the protein coating contain in a virus?

Answer 1

Nucleic acids

Question 2

What does the nucleic acid of the virus encode

Answer 2

RNA or DNA of normal cells to duplicate the virus

Question 3

What does the bacterial genome bind to using what?

Answer 3

Sees protein and binds with its tail fibres

Question 4

What injects the viral DNA

Answer 4

Sheath injects viral DNA through spikes

Question 5

What will the viral DNA do to the cell?

Answer 5

Will rupture the cell membrane causing it to die

Question 6

What are the two types of viral life cycle ?

Answer 6

Nonlytic and lytic

Question 7

Non lytic

Answer 7

Reproduce

Question 8

Lytic

Answer 8

Kill

Question 9

What are membranes made of?

Answer 9

Phospholipids and proteins which are embedded in the membrane to help with function

Question 10

Lipid bilayer is known as a ———— structure

Answer 10

Trilaminar

Question 11

Fluid

Answer 11

Components are moveable

Question 12

Mosaic

Answer 12

Consists of diverse particles such as proteins carbohydrates and cholesterol

Question 13

Structure of a phospholipid

Answer 13

Polar head and nonpolar tails

Question 14

Why is one of the tails kinked

Answer 14

Double bonds

Question 15

Why do phospholipids configure spontaneously

Answer 15

To be more stable, the polar head is outdid and the tails are inside, two layers

Question 16

Where does phospholipid synthesis happen?

Answer 16

Interface of the cytoskeleton and outer endoplasmic reticulum membrane

Question 17

What does the ER membrane contain

Answer 17

Molecular machinery for synthesis and distribution

Question 18

3 classes of membrane proteins

Answer 18

1) intregal/transmembrane proteins
2) peripheral proteins
3)lipid anchored proteins

Question 19

Transmembrane

Answer 19

proteins that span the entire membrane

Question 20

Peripheral

Answer 20

proteins that associate with the surfaces of the lipid bilayer

Question 21

lipid anchored

Answer 21

proteins attach to a lipid in the bilayer

Question 22

Transmembrane function

Answer 22

1) transport of nutrients and ions
2) Cell-Cell communication (gap junction)
3) Attachment

Question 23

Lipids move easily

Answer 23

within leaflet

Question 24

Lipid movement is difficult and slow

Answer 24

between the leaflets

Question 25

An important feature for signal transduction

Answer 25

Biochemical modification can alter protein mobility in the membrane

Question 26

Structure of biological membranes

Answer 26

6nm thick
stable
flexible
Capable of self assembly

Question 27

The mitochondria contains very high concentration of

Answer 27

Proteins in the inner membrane which is necessary for ETC and ATP synthesis

Question 28

The outer leaflet contains

Answer 28

glycolipids and glycoproteins which are lipids and proteins with carbohydrates attached to them

Question 29

Warming the membrane will result in

Answer 29

increased fluidity

Question 30

Cooling the membrane will result in

Answer 30

decreased fluidity

Question 31

What do unsaturated lipids do to fluidty

Answer 31

increase

Question 32

What do saturated lipids do to fluidity

Answer 32

decrease

Question 33

Lipid composition can be changed by

Answer 33

1) desaturation of lipids
2) exchange of lipid chains

Question 34

Fluidity is important in the membrane because

Answer 34

1) support and flexibility
2) assembly and modification
3) dynamic interactions

Question 35

What helps maintain membrane fluidity

Answer 35

Cholesterol