Cell Parts

Question 1

The smallest functional and structural unit of all living organisms.

Answer 1

Cell

Question 2

Any living thing made up of cells

Answer 2

Organism

Question 3

An organism made up of one cell

Answer 3

Unicellular organism

Question 4

An organism made up of many cells

Answer 4

Multicellular organism

Question 5

A small body in a cell’s cytoplasm that is specialized to perform a specific function

Answer 5

Organelle

Question 6

A protective layer that covers a cell’s surface and acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell’s environment

Answer 6

Cell membrane

Question 7

The region enclosed by the cell membrane that includes the fluid and all of the organelles of the cell

Answer 7

Cytoplasm

Question 8

A single-celled organism that does not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles

Answer 8

Prokaryote

Question 9

An organism made up of cells that contain their DNA in a nucleus

Answer 9

Eukaryote

Question 10

The basic particle from which all elements are made; the smallest particle of an element that has the properties of that element.

Answer 10

Atom

Question 11

A group of atoms held together by chemical bonds

Answer 11

Molecule

Question 12

An organelle in eukaryotic cells that contains the cell’s genetic material (DNA)

Answer 12

Nucleus

Question 13

A system of membranes that is found in a cell’s cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids.

Answer 13

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Question 14

The membrane-bound organelle that packages and distributes materials, such as proteins.

Answer 14

Golgi Complex

Question 15

The organelle that makes proteins by putting together chains of amino acids using instructions encoded in the cell’s DNA

Answer 15

Ribosome

Question 16

An organelle that uses sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food and water by photosynthesis

Answer 16

Chloroplast

Question 17

An organelle that breaks down food molecules to release energy

Answer 17

Mitochondria

Question 18

An organelle in a plant cell that stores water and helps give shape to the cell

Answer 18

Large Central Vacuole

Question 19

An organelle that produces enzymes that digest wastes, cell parts, and foreign invaders

Answer 19

Lysosome

Question 20

A system of membranes with ribosomes attached; helps with protein creation

Answer 20

Rough ER

Question 21

A system of membranes that helps with lipid creation

Answer 21

Smooth ER

Question 22

A rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants; supports overall cell structure and shape.

Answer 22

Cell Wall

Question 23

A fat molecule or a molecule that has similar properties; examples include oils, waxes, and steroids

Answer 23

Lipid

Question 24

A molecule that is made up of amino acids and that is needed to build and repair body structures and to regulate processes in the body.

Answer 24

Protein

Question 25

Molecules that include sugars, starches, and fiber; cells use them as a source of energy and for energy storage

Answer 25

Carbohydrate

Question 26

Molecule that carries information in the cells; primary example is DNA

Answer 26

Nucleic Acid

Question 27

A lipid that contains phosphorus and that is a structural component in cell membranes

Answer 27

Phospholipid

Question 28

Proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids

Answer 28

Four Major Biomolecules of the cell