Cell parts

Question 1

The portion of the cell outside the nucleus.

Answer 1

Cytoplasm

Question 2

Contains nearly all the cell’s DNA and the coded instructions for making proteins and other important molecules.

Answer 2

Nucleus

Question 3

Stores materials like water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates.

Answer 3

Vacuole

Question 4

Contracts rhythmically to pump excess water out of the cell.

Answer 4

Contractile vacuole

Question 5

Store and move materials between organelles, as well as to and from the cell surface.

Answer 5

Vesicle

Question 6

Break down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell.

Answer 6

lysosomes

Question 7

large, saclike, membrane-enclosed structures

Answer 7

vacuoles

Question 8

Involved in breaking down organelles that have outlived their usefulness.

Answer 8

Lysosomes

Question 9

small organelles filled with enzymes

Answer 9

lysosomes

Question 10

Helps the cell maintain its shape and is also involved in movement.

Answer 10

cytoskeleton

Question 11

the internal network of microfilaments and microtubules that help provide shape and anchoring points for the cell organelles.

Answer 11

cytoskeleton

Question 12

two of the principal proteins that make up this organelle are microfilaments and microtubules.

Answer 12

cytoskeleton

Question 13

threadlike structures made up of protein called actin. they form extensive networks in some cells and produce a tough flexible framework that supports the cell.

Answer 13

microfilaments

Question 14

hollow structures made up of proteins known as tubulins. They play a critical role in maintaining cell shape and cell division.

Answer 14

microtubules

Question 15

located near the nucleus and help organize cell division. these are not found in plant cells.

Answer 15

centrioles

Question 16

proteins are assembled on…

Answer 16

ribosomes

Question 17

small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm in all cells. they are also produced by the nucleolus.

Answer 17

ribosomes

Question 18

where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled, along with other materials that are exported from the cell.

Answer 18

endoplasmic reticulum

Question 19

the portion of the ER involved in the synthesis of proteins and has ribosomes on its surface.

Answer 19

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 20

contains collections of enzymes that perform specialized tasks, including the synthesis of membrane lipids and the detoxification of drugs. (has no ribosomes on its surface)

Answer 20

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 21

a stack of flattened membranes

Answer 21

Golgi apparatus

Question 22

modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the endoplasmic reticulum for storage in the cell or release outside the cell.

Answer 22

Golgi apparatus

Question 23

Capture the energy from sunlight and convert it into food that contains chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis.

Answer 23

chloroplast

Question 24

two membranes surround this. Inside the organelle are large stack of other membranes, which contains the green pigment chlorophyll.

Answer 24

chloroplast

Question 25

convert the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use.

Answer 25

mitochondria

Question 26

The inner membrane is folded up inside the organelle

Answer 26

mitochondria

Question 27

a strong supporting layer around the cell membrane in plant cells

Answer 27

cell wall

Question 28

support, shape and protect the cell

Answer 28

cell wall

Question 29

are porous enough to allow water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and certain other substances to pass through easily.

Answer 29

cell wall

Question 30

regulates what enters and leaves the cell and also protects and supports the cell

Answer 30

cell membrane

Question 31

the _____ gives cell membrane a flexible structure that forms a strong barrier between the cell and its surroundings

Answer 31

lipid bilayer

Question 32

Is selectively permeable

Answer 32

cell membrane

Question 33

thin, flexible, barrier that surrounds all cells; regulates what enters and leaves the cell

Answer 33

cell membrane

Question 34

a large membrane-enclosed structure that contains genetic material in the form of DNA.

Answer 34

nucleus

Question 35

contain the blueprint for making proteins

Answer 35

DNA

Question 36

plants have a large _______ _______ filled with liquid to maintain the rigidity of the plant.

Answer 36

central vacuole

Question 37

help maintain a constant pressure inside the cell versus the pressure outside of the cell and vice versa.

Answer 37

contractile vacuoles

Question 38

digest invading bacteria

Answer 38

lysosomes

Question 39

spindle fibers and centrioles that are important during cell division are made up of _____

Answer 39

tubulins

Question 40

the cellular factory for the production of proteins

Answer 40

ribosomes

Question 41

found throughout the cytoplasm and along the lining of the ER

Answer 41

ribosomes

Question 42

assemble proteins by assembling long strings of Amino Acids

Answer 42

ribosomes

Question 43

release ATP by breaking down glucose

Answer 43

mitochondria

Question 44

capture the energy from the sun and utilize the energy to power chemical reactions, producing sugars, starches, and other carbohydrates.

Answer 44

chloroplast

Question 45

involved in the manufacture of lipid components for the cell to be assembled

Answer 45

endoplasmic reticulum