cell parts Flashcards
(20 cards)
cell
in biology the smallest unit that can preform all life process cells are covers by a membrane and have DNA and cytoplasmin
nucleus
a eukaryotic a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell’s DNA and that has a role in processes such as growth metabolism and reproduction
cell member
a phosphlidqid layer that covers a cell’s surface
Organelle
one of the small bodies in a cells cytoplasm that are specialized to perform a specific function
Cell wall
a rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria. In the algae and higher plants, it consists mainly of cellulose.
Mitochondria / Mitochondrion
The mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is a double-membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic organisms. Some cells in some multicellular organisms may, however, lack them (for example, mature mammalian red blood cells).
Chloroplast
(in green plant cells) a plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place.
Golgi complex
Golgi Apparatus. A major organelle in most eukaryotic cells is the structure of membrane-bound sacs called the Golgi apparatus (or Golgi body, Golgi complex, dictyosome). It acts to process and package the macromolecules such as proteins and lipids that are synthesized by the cell.
Endoplasmic reticulum
a network of membranous tubules within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell, continuous with the nuclear membrane. It usually has ribosomes attached and is involved in protein and lipid synthesis.
Ribosome
a minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins, found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells. They bind messenger RNA and transfer RNA to synthesize polypeptides and proteins.
Lysosome
an organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane.
Vacuole
a space or vesicle within the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosed by a membrane and typically containing fluid.
Organelle
any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell
Prokaryote
a microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles. Prokaryotes include the bacteria and cyanobacteria.
Eukaryote
an organism consisting of a cell or cells in which the genetic material is DNA in the form of chromosomes contained within a distinct nucleus. Eukaryotes include all living organisms other than the eubacteria and archaebacteria.
Tissue
any of the distinct types of material of which animals or plants are made, consisting of specialized cells and their products.
Organ
a part of an organism that is typically self-contained and has a specific vital function, such as the heart or liver in humans.
Organ system
There are 11 major organ systems in the human body, which include the circulatory, respiratory, digestive, excretory, nervous and endocrine systems. The immune, integumentary, skeletal, muscle and reproductive systems are also part of the human body.
Organism
an individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form.
Structure
the arrangement of and relations between the parts or elements of something complex
