Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Genetics > Cell parts and Functions > Flashcards

Cell parts and Functions Flashcards

(45 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

3 main parts

A

Cell Membrane, Cytoplasm, Nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cell membrane alternative names

A

➳ Plasma lemma
➳ Plasma membrane
➳ Semi-permeable membrane
➳ Selectively-permeable membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cell membrane function

A

Regulate/control the movements of substances in and out of the cell.
(Fluid Mosaic Model)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Chemical composition of a cell membrane

A
  1. bilayer of phospholipids
  2. Cholesterol
  3. Protein/s
  4. Chon (carbohydrate)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

bilayer of phospholipids

A

Allow selective passage of certain substances in and out of cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Head

A

➳ Hydrophilic
➳ Outwards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Tails

A

➳ Hydrophobic
➳ inwards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cholesterol

A

maintain the TAIL FLEXIBILITY
(in increases the lipid-packing density and maintains high membrane fluidity)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

LDL

A

Low Density Lipoprotein (bad cholesterol)
➳ Stiffness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

HDL

A

High Density Lipoprotein (good cholesterol)
➳ maintain flexibility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Protein/s

A

➳ Main source of energy
a. peripheral protein
b. integral protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

peripheral protein

A

➳ the “receptionist”
➳ alerts phospholipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

integral protein

A

➳ transport macromolecules (macro - large)
➳ the GATE
➳ integrate IN and OUT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Enzyme/s (protein)

A

➳ speeds up/slows down metabolism/chemical reactions
➳ breakdowns ATP(energy) into ADP
➳ Lubricant (make things smooth)
➳ ends with ASE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

example of enzymes

A

➳ ATPase
➳ Sucrase
➳ Ptyalin
➳ Lipase
➳ Pepsin
➳ Amylase
➳ Lactase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Chon

A

Carbohydrate - Glucose/Sugar
➳ attached to integral proteins
➳ alarm
➳ serves as a security GUARD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cell (macromolecules necessary for life)

A
  1. Lipids
  2. Proteins
  3. Chon (carbohydrate)
  4. Nucleic Acid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cytoplasm

A

➳ the workplace or working space
➳ where substances are RECEIVED, PROCESSED, & USED
➳ GELL like cell/substance
➳ where organelles are SUSpended

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Nucleus

Study These Flashcards
A

➳ controls/regulate the cell (its the main office of the cell)
➳ DNA
➳ Shaped and protected by a double membrane

20
Q

Inside the nucleus:

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. DNA
  2. Nucleolus
  3. Chromosomes
21
Q

Nucleo-plasm

Study These Flashcards
A

Prokaryotic nucleus

22
Q

Nucleolus

Study These Flashcards
A

➳ site of the RIBOSOME SYNTHESIS (made)
➳ passing down of hereditary traits

23
Q

Ribosome

Study These Flashcards
A

Site/Factory of PROTEIN synthesis.

24
Q

Smooth ER

Study These Flashcards
A

➳ Endoplasmic Reticulum WITHOUT ribosomes
➳ synthesize/produce lipids - deliver to cell membrane
➳ distribute IONS & PROTEINS within the same cell

25
Rough ER
➳ Endoplasm Reticulum WITH ribosomes ➳ attached to cell membrane (cuz of proteins) ➳ QUALITY CONTROL/CHECKER
26
Polysome
Group of Ribosomes in the cytoplasm
27
Proteasome
Ribosome pull protein molecule to REPAIR damage
28
Lysosome/s
➳ Garbage bin/Waste disposal ➳ powerful & strong enzymes ➳ dispose by digesting, destroying, & discarding (mostly found in the liver)
29
Lysosome 3D's
Digest Destroy Discard
30
-SIS
process
31
Exocytosis
➳ Exit ➳ exiting the cell
32
Endocytosis
1. pinocytosis 2. phagocytosis
33
Golgi bodies/Golgi apparatus
➳ packaging organelles ➳ sends/deliver to addresses (the process through exocytosis) ➳ checked by rough ER
34
Centrosome - Centrioles
Spidel Fibers
35
Cilia/Cilium
➳ help with the movement of molecules ➳ protection (filters molecules passing by)
36
Flagellum/Flagella
movement/locomotion
37
Mitochondria/Mitochondrion
Powerhouse ➳ where ATP(energy) is produced ➳ the ONLY organelle that has DNA (DNA is usually located in the nucleus)
38
Vacuole
Storage/Warehouse
39
Vesicle/s
(in animal cell it is small & temporary opposite to plant cell) ➳ TRANSPORT materials around the cell/CELL MEMBRANE
40
Cytoskeleton
➳ maintain motility/MOVEMENT ➳ support the cell ➳ maintain shape of cell ➳ microtubules, actin filaments, & intermediate filaments
41
Cell Wall
assist protection
42
Plastids
➳ photosynthesis ➳ the production and storage of metabolites
43
Vacuole
larger than those in animal cell
44
Microtubule
➳ thick ➳ myosin
45
Microfilaments
➳ thin ➳ actins

Genetics (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions