Cell Processes Flashcards
(16 cards)
What are the two main types of membrane proteins
Intergral and Peripheral Proteins
What is the main function of integral proteins
they are transmembrane and help transport substances
What are the main functions of peripheral proteins
attached to either inner or outer surface of cell membrane
List three functions of membrane proteins
Transport, signal reception, and linking cells
What’s an electrical gradient
Ions will be influenced by membrane potential in addition to their concentration gradient
Non-Mediated transort
Passive transport, no transport proteins
Mediated Transport
moves materials with the help of a transport protein. can be passive or active
Passive Transport
Moves substances down their concentration or electrochemical gradient with only their kinetic energy
Active Transport
uses energy to drive substances against their concentration or electrochemical gradients
Vesicular Transport
move materials across membrane membranes in small vesicles either by exocytosis and endocytosis
what type of molecules can easily pass through the lipid bilayer
small, non-polar, uncharged molecules and lipid-soluble substances
what substances require transport proteins to cross the membrane?
Ions and large uncharged polar molecules like glucose and amino acids
what is diffusion
the passive movement of molecules from high to low concentration
what factors increase the rate of diffusion
higher concentration gradient, higher temperature, smaller molecules, large surface area
what is osmosis
the diffusion of water across a selectivly permeable membrane from high to low water concentration
What does Pw = Pd + Pf represent?
total membrane permeability to water, combining lopid bilayer (Pd) and aquaporin (Pf)
