Cell Quiz- Study

Question 1

What makes up all living things?

Answer 1

Cells

Question 2

Cells

Answer 2

Basic unit of life

Question 3

Robert Hooke

Answer 3

Discovered cells while observing a cork under a microscope

Question 4

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Answer 4

Pond water (living cells)

Question 5

Robert Brown

Answer 5

Named the nucleus

Question 6

Matthias Schleiden

Answer 6

Discovered all plants are made of cells

Question 7

Theodor Schwann

Answer 7

Discovered all animals are made of cells

Question 8

Rudolph Virchow

Answer 8

Discovered all cells come from other cells

Question 9

Cell Theory

Answer 9

1. All living things are composed of cells
2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function for all living things
3. New cells are produced from existing cells

Question 10

What are the two types of cells?

Answer 10

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic

Question 11

Characteristics of Prokaryotes

Answer 11

Small and most primitive
Unicellular
All have cell walls and cell membranes

Question 12

More characteristics of Prokaryotes

Answer 12

Contain DNA, ribosomes, and cytoplasm
No nucleus or membrane bound organelles
Have nucleoid and plasmid
Divide by binary fission

Question 13

Example of a Prokaryotic cell

Answer 13

Bacteria

Question 14

(Before Nucleus)

Answer 14

Prokaryotic

Question 15

Characteristics of a Eukaryote

Answer 15

Have a true nucleus
Have membrane bound organelles
All have cell membranes
May have cell walls

Question 16

More characteristics of Eukaryotes

Answer 16

Can be unicellular or multicellular
More evolved cells
Some have cilia

Question 17

Examples of Eukaryotes

Answer 17

Plants, animals, fungi, protists (no bacteria)

Question 18

Animal cells shapes

Answer 18

Can have all kinds of shapes

Question 19

What do animal cells contain?

Answer 19

DNA, cytoplasm, ribosomes, cytoskeleton, cell apparatus, nucleus, nucleolus, and smooth & rough ER, centrioles, and lots of lysosomes

Question 20

What is the shape of a plant cell?

Answer 20

Usually body or square shaped

Question 21

What do plant cells contain?

Answer 21

DNA, cytoplasm, ribosomes, cytoskeleton, cell membrane, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, nucleus, nucleolus, and smooth & rough ER
Contain cell walls
Chloroplasts, central vacuoles

Question 22

What are the differences of animal and plant cells?

Answer 22

Plants contain cell walls, chloroplasts, central vacuoles, while animal cells do not. Animal cells can be any kind of shape, while plant cells are usually a boxy shape. Animal cells also have centrioles and lots of lysosomes and plant cells do not.

Question 23

Cell membrane

Answer 23

Function: protects cells, controls what enters and leaves the body of the cell
Composed of: phospholipid bilayer, proteins, and carbohydrates

Question 24

Cytoskeleton

Answer 24

Network of proteins that form long threads or fibers that crisscross the cell

Question 25

Microtubules (within the cytoskeleton)

Answer 25

Give cell shape and movement of organelles

Question 26

Functions of Cytoskeleton

Answer 26

Form cilia and flagella in some cells Form spindle fibers during cell division Made up of protein actin

Question 27

Intermediate filaments (within the cytoskeleton)

Answer 27

Cell strength

Question 28

Microfilaments (within cytoskeleton)

Answer 28

Long thing filaments that enable cells to move and divide, help muscle cells contract and relax

Question 29

Cytoplasm

Answer 29

Fills space between the nucleus and the cell membrane Fluid portion called cytosol and consist mostly of water Sure of chemical reactions and location of organelles

Question 30

Nucleus

Answer 30

Storehouse of genetic info or DNA Composed of: DNA enclosed in a double membrane called nuclear envelope, has pores (holes) to allow large molecules to pass between nucleus and cytoplasm Contains nucleolus (where ribosomes are assembled)

Question 31

Nuclear structure

Answer 31

Chromatin, Chromosomes, Nucleolus, nuclear envelope

Question 32

Chromatin

Answer 32

Granular material within the nucleus consisting of DNA bound to proteins

Question 33

Chromosomes

Answer 33

Condensed chromatin that forms during cell division- carries genetic info

Question 34

Nucleolus

Answer 34

Small, dense regions where the assembly of ribosomes begin

Question 35

Nuclear envelope

Answer 35

Double membrane layer that surrounds the nucleus

Question 36

Ribosomes

Answer 36

Function: link amino acids together to form proteins (protein synthesis), made up of proteins and RNA Some ribosomes are found to the Rough ER others in cytoplasm

Question 37

ER

Answer 37

Interconnected network of thin folded membranes

Question 38

Rough ER

Answer 38

Studded with ribosomes and responsible for protein assembly

Question 39

Smooth ER

Answer 39

Responsible for lipid assembly, breaks down drugs and alcohol

Question 40

Golgi apparatus

Answer 40

Function: process (attach carbs and lipids to proteins) sort and deliver proteins UPS of the cell

Question 41

Vacuoles

Answer 41

(Like storage garage) Fluid filled sacs used for storage of water, food, ions and enzymes needed by the cell

Question 42

Central Vacuole

Answer 42

Found ONLY in plants Takes up most space inside the cell to provide strength and support May also contain other substances (some toxic)

Question 43

Vesicles

Answer 43

(Mini pod) Function: small membrane bound sacs that isolate some materials from the rest of the cytoplasm and transport them from place to place in the animal cell ONLY in animal cells

Question 44

Mitochondria

Answer 44

Function: supply energy to the cell, also known as power house of the cell Responsible for cellular respiration Unique in that it contains its own DNA and ribosomes

Question 45

Lysosomes

Answer 45

Enzymes used to defend the cell Break down damage or worn out cell parts (Cleanup crew)

Question 46

Centrioles

Answer 46

Organized micro tubes to form cilia and flagella (Used by cells for movement) Used in cell division for animals created spindles