Cell Respiration

Question 1

Inputs of glycolysis

Answer 1

2 ATP, ADP, Glucose, 2 Nad+

Question 2

Outputs of glycolysis

Answer 2

4 atp, 2 pyruvates, 2 NADH

Question 3

Inputs of Pyruvate Processing

Answer 3

2 pyruvates, 2 coenzyme A, 2 Nad+

Question 4

Outputs of pyruvate processing

Answer 4

CO2, 2 NADH, 2 Acetyl CoA

Question 5

Where does pyruvate processing occur?

Answer 5

Matrix of mitochondria

Question 6

What are the inhibitors of pyruvate processing

Answer 6

Atp, NADh, acetyl CoA

Question 7

Inputs of citric acid cycle

Answer 7

2 Acetyl CoA, ADP, NAD+, FAD+

Question 8

Outputs of citric acid cycle

Answer 8

6 NADH, 4 CO2, 2 FADH2, 2 ATP

Question 9

Where does the citric acid cycle occur

Answer 9

Matrix of mitochondria

Question 10

Inhibitors of the citric acid cycle

Answer 10

ATP, NADH

Question 11

Inputs of electron transport chain

Answer 11

10 NADH, 2 FADH2, ADP, O2

Question 12

Outputs of ETC

Answer 12

34 ATP, H2O, NAD+, FAD+

Question 13

Where does the ETC occur?

Answer 13

Inner membrane

Question 14

What are the steps of glycolysis?

Answer 14

Investment phase: ATP is inputed to phosphorylize glucose
Payoff Phase: Glucose is broken up and ATP is released

Question 15

What are the steps of pyruvate processing?

Answer 15

Pyruvates are turned into molecules of acetyl-CoA, which releases CO2. Acetyl CoA will then enter the citric acid cycle where it will undergo more reactions to extract energy from glucose.

Question 16

What are the steps of the citric acid cycle?

Answer 16

Acetyl CoA forms a six-carbon citrate which then undergoes reactions that release NADH, FADH2, and ATP.

Question 17

What are the steps of the ETC?

Answer 17

Electrons are passed from NADH and FADH2 are passed along a series of protein complexes which releases energy. H+ is pumped, making a concentration gradient.

Question 18

What is substrate level phosphorylation?

Answer 18

This occurs when a phosphate from a phoshphorylated molecule directly goes to ADP, making ATP. It doesn’t need chemiosmosis to occur.

Question 19

What is oxidative phosphorylation?

Answer 19

this occurs when ATP is made through the transfer of electrons from NADH and FADH2 to oxygen. This requires the ETC. It requires the reduction of oxygen.

Question 20

What are the inputs of anaerobic respiration?

Answer 20

The inputs are glucose and ADP

Question 21

What are the outputs of anaerobic respiration?

Answer 21

Ethanol (in yeast) Lactic acid (in animals), ATP, and CO2

Question 22

What are the inputs of fermentation, and when does it occur?

Answer 22

Glucose, ADP, and NADH. It occurs when there are microorganisms that benefit from fermentation.

Question 23

What are the outputs of fermentation?

Answer 23

Ethanol, CO2, and ATP