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cell respiration test study Flashcards

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1
Q

location of aerobic cellular respiration

A

in the mitochondria

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2
Q

the reactants of cellular respiration?

A

O2 and C6H12O6
(oxygen and glucose)

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3
Q

products of cellular respiration?

A

CO2, H2O, and ATP
(carbon dioxide, water, and ATP)

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4
Q

type of respiration that requires oxygen to break down glucose and form ATP

A

aerobic respiration

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5
Q

organisms that cant do aerobic respiration, only fermentation (cant use oxygen)

A

yeast and some bacteria

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6
Q

whats the equation for cellular respiration? (what happens)

A

c6h12o6 + o2 —> co2 + h2o + atp energy … (o2 turns to co2 waste, glucose turns to o2 waste, atp energy is made)

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7
Q

folds in the inner membrane of the mitochondria

A

cristae

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8
Q

innermost compartment of the mitochondrian

A

matrix

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9
Q

main energy source for cells use for most of work

A

ATP

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10
Q

where is energy stored in ATP?

A

in the bonds between phosphates

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11
Q

what is produced when ATP is broken down? (what is ATP made up of?)

A

ADP + P + energy

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12
Q

what kind of respiration does not require oxygen?

A

anaerobic respiration

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13
Q

how many ATP are made from anaerobic respiration?

A

2 ATP

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14
Q

how many ATP are made from aerobic respiration?

A

up to 38 (between >30 to 38) (36-38)

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15
Q

process when cells release energy without oxygen present. (another term for anaerobic respiration?)

A

fermentation

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16
Q

what are the two types of fermentation?

A

lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation

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17
Q

what are the reactants of fermentation?

A

glucose & 2 ATP

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18
Q

what organisms perform lactic acid fermentation?

A

bacteria and animal muscle cells (only occurs in animals when there’s little o2 available)

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19
Q

what are the products of lactic acid fermentation?

A

2 (net) ATP and lactic acid

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20
Q

what organisms perform alcoholic respiration?

A

yeast

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21
Q

what are the products of alcoholic fermentation?

A

2 (net) ATP, co2, and alcohol

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22
Q

how are photosynthesis and cell respiration related?

A

the reactants of one are the products of the other, so they need each other to get started.
the glucose energy (sugars) made in photosynthesis is broken down in cell respiration to form ATP.

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23
Q

what are the stages of cell respiration in order?

A
  1. glycolysis
  2. prep reaction
  3. citric acid or krebs cycle
  4. ETC (electron transport chain)
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24
Q

is glycolysis (the first stage) aerobic or anaerobic?

A

anaerobic

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25
is the prep reaction (the 2nd stage) aerobic or anaerobic?
aerobic
26
is the citric acid (krebs) cycle (the 3rd stage) aerobic or anaerobic?
aerobic
27
is the electron transport chain (the 4th stage) aerobic or anaerobic?
aerobic
28
what types of organisms perform photosynthesis?
plants, some algae, some bacteria
29
when does photosynthesis occur?
daytime (when light is present)
30
what are the reactants (inputs) of photosynthesis?
CO2 and H2O (need light and chlorophyll)
31
what are the products (outputs) of photosynthesis?
O2 and C6H12O6 (oxygen and glucose)
32
what does photosynthesis use as energy to transform?
sunlight (to turn carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose)
33
what organelle does photosynthesis occur?
the chloroplasts
34
whats the equation for photosynthesis?
CO2 + H2O —> O2 + C6H12O6 (carbon dioxide and water —> oxygen and glucose)
35
does photosynthesis make or break glucose?
photosynthesis makes glucose
36
what types of organisms perform cell respiration?
all organisms (except yeast and some bacteria, bc they’re anaerobic)
37
when does cell respiration occur?
all the time (any light)
38
what are the reactants (inputs) of cell respiration?
CO2 and C6H12O6 (oxygen and glucose)
39
what are the products (outputs) of cell respiration?
CO2, H2O, and new ATP energy (32 or 34) (*36 or 38*)
40
what does cell respiration use to transform energy?
food/glucose/carbs
41
what organelle does cell respiration occur?
the mitochondria
42
whats the equation for cell respiration?
O2 + C6H12O6 —> CO2 +H2O + ATP (oxygen and glucose —> carbon dioxide, water, energy)
43
does cell respiration make or break glucose?
cell respiration breaks glucose
44
where does glycolysis occur?
in the cytoplasm
45
how much ATP do you get from glycolysis?
2 net ATP (4 total)
46
is glycolysis aerobic or anaerobic?
anaerobic
47
where does the Prep Reaction occur?
in the Matrix of the Mitochondria
48
how much ATP comes from the Prep Reaction?
0 ATP
49
is the Prep Reaction aerobic or anaerobic?
aerobic
50
where does the citric acid (krebs) cycle occur?
in the matrix of the mitochondria
51
how much atp do you get from the krebs cycle?
2 ATP
52
is the citric acid (krebs) cycle aerobic or anaerobic?
aerobic
53
where is ETC found?
in the tristae of the mitochondria
54
how much ATP do you get from the ETC?
(36 or 38) (32 or 34)
55
is the ETC aerobic or anaerobic?
aerobic
56
what does fermentation reduce?
reduces pyruvate to make lactate (alcohol and CO2)
57
what are the disadvantages of fermentation?
toxic to cells, changes pH (muscle fatigue), oxygen debt very few ATP is produced
58
where does all aerobic respiration occur?
in the mitochondria
59
what is the cristae?
folds in the inner membrane of mitochondrial
60
what is the matrix?
the fluid inside the mitochondria
61
in the Prep Reaction, what is converted?
Pyruvate is made into Acetyl CoA (coenzyme A). NADH, and CO2 are given off
62
what does the Krebs cycle give off?
CO2 and ATP
63
what are the inputs of the Krebs cycle?
NAD+, FAD, Acetyl Groups, ADP+2P
64
what are the outputs of the Krebs cycle?
NADH, FADH (e- carrier), CO2, ATP
65
what happens to CoA? (coenzyme A)
its recycled and never changes, returns back to prep cycle
66
what is the electron transport system?
series of carriers that take electrons from glucose and pass them to O2
67
how much ATP is made from the ETS?
32 or 34 ATP
68
what is formed from the ETS?
H2O is formed

cell respiration test study (1 decks)

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