Cell Specialisation And Organisation Flashcards
(41 cards)
Why do all cells of multicellular organism is perform certain basic functions?
To stay alive.
How to cells gain their function?
They do this by a process called to specialisation which allows the cell to perform a particular role. Each specialised cell has evolved more or fewer of certain organelles and structures to suit the role it carries out.
What are the group of cells in an embryo originally like?
Initially all the cells in the embryo identical.
What happens as the embryo matures?
Is it matures, each cell takes its own individual characteristics that suit it to the function it will perform when it’s mature.
What are all cells in the organism produced by after the egg is been fertilised?
Mitotic division.
What do all cells contain?
The exact same genes.
How does the cell become specialised?
Whilst all genes are present in the cell, only some are expressed and others are turned off which means that the cell becomes specialised for one specific function.
What two things vary from cell to cell?
The shape of the cell varies and also the number of each of the organelles.
What does the muscle cell have lots of?
Mitochondria.
What do muscles not have very many of?
Lysosomes.
Why does the whole organism function efficiently?
The cells are adapted to their own particular function and perform it more effectively.
What are tissues?
These are a collection of similar cells that perform a specific function.
What is the purpose of tissues?
The purpose of tissues is for working efficiency.
List two types of tissues you need today for AS-level.
Epithelial tissues
Xylem
How are cells laid out in the epithelial tissue?
They are laid out in sheets.
What does the epithelial tissue line?
The surfaces of organs.
What are the two functions of epithelial tissues?
They have a protective or secretory function.
Two or false: there are many similar types of epithelial tissue.
This, is true similar types of epithelial tissue include those made up of thin, flat cells that line organs where diffusion takes place.
Give an example of a cell where diffusion takes place?
The alveoli.
What are the cilia used for?
They are used to move mucus over the epithelial tissue.
Where is xylem tissue found?
Xylem tissue is found in plants.
What is the purpose of xylem tissue?
Purpose of xylem tissue is to transport water and mineral irons throughout the plant and also give mechanical support.
What is an organ?
This is a combination of tissues that are coordinated to perform a variety of functions, although they often have one predominant major function.
What is the function of the stomach organ in animals?
The function of the stomach is to die jest certain types of food and is made of the three types of tissue.
