Cell Strcuture Ad Function

Question 1

The cell theory was first developed by

Answer 1

Theodor swan and matthias schleiden

Question 2

The cells of the pancreatics are responsible for

Answer 2

Synthesis of enzyme

Question 3

Do prokaryotic cells have a nucleus?

Answer 3

No

Question 4

Describe the chromosomes in prokaryote cells?

Answer 4

Single circular chromosomes with no nucleusomes

Question 5

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Answer 5

Contents the contents of the cell and maintain cell integrity. 
Selective barrier 
Communication 
Recognition
Transport

Question 6

What is the purpose of cholesterol in the cell membrane ?

Answer 6

Ridigity

Question 7

What are the functions of the nucleus

Answer 7

It stores the cell heredity material
Protein synthesis 
Cell division
Intermediary metabolism
Coordinates the cell activates

Question 8

The nuclear envelope is continuous with the

Answer 8

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 9

The nuclear envelop continues many pores called

Answer 9

Nuclear pore complexes , they control the passage of molecules in the cells.

Question 10

The nucleolus contains

Answer 10

DNA and Rna

Question 11

What are the names of the four deoxyribonucleotides in the DNA?

Answer 11

Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine
Adenine

Question 12

From DNA to DNA

Answer 12

Is replication

Question 13

From DNA to mRNA

Answer 13

Transcription

Question 14

MRNA to protein

Answer 14

Translation

Question 15

Specific chromosal regions in the nucleolus are

Answer 15

Nucleolus organizer regions

Question 16

What is the role of the nucleolus?

Answer 16

Synthesis of rRna and assembly of the large and small subunits.

Question 17

What is the main function of the mitochondria ?

Answer 17

Conversion of the potential energy of food molecules into ATP.

Question 18

Structure of the mitochondria

Answer 18

Outer membrane, inner membrane, inter membrane space, cristae

Question 19

The outer membrane of the mitochondria is responsible for

Answer 19

Phospholipid synthesis
Fatty acid desaturation
Fatty acid elongation

Question 20

Inner membrane of the mitochondria

Answer 20

Oxidative phosphorylation
Electron transport
Metabolite transport

Question 21

Intermembrane in mitochondria

Answer 21

Nucleotide phosphorylation

Question 22

Matrix of the mitochondria

Answer 22

TCA cycle 
Pyruvate oxidation
B oxidation
DNA replication
RNA synthesis
Protein synthesis

Question 23

Endoplasmic Reticulum functions

Answer 23

Biosynthesis and transport of protein and lipids
Synthesis of lipids and processing of proteins
Site of protein production

Question 24

Smooth er

Answer 24

Function in the synthesis of lipids and processing of proteins

Question 25

rough ER

Answer 25

Site of protein production

Question 26

Ribosomes are made up of

Answer 26

60% RNA and 40 protein protein

Question 27

Function of the Golgi apparatus

Answer 27

Modication, sorting and packing of macromolecules synthesised in the er and prepares them for export.

Question 28

All of the following are functions of the Golgi apparatus except? Transport of lipids Protein synthesis Creation of lysosomes Site of carbohydrate synthesis

Answer 28

Protein synthesis ,protein synthesis is done in the ER.

Question 29

Are lysosomes singled membrane or double membraned?

Answer 29

Single

Question 30

How are lysosomes formed?

Answer 30

By the budding from the Golgi apparatus

Question 31

Lysosomes are the site of

Answer 31

Intracellular digestion the fuse with vesicles containing food particles ingested by the cell

Question 32

Lysosomes contain

Answer 32

Contain hydrolytic enzymes that come from the Golgi apparatus

Question 33

Enzymes in the lysosome

Answer 33

``` Nucleases Proteases Lipases Phosphatases Polysaccharidases ```

Question 34

Which two organs are enlarged in lysosomal storage disease?

Answer 34

Liver and spleen

Question 35

What is another name for peroxisomes?

Answer 35

Microbodies

Question 36

Peroxisomes

Answer 36

Special vesicles that contain enzymes important for the removal of toxic substances and the breakdown of excess fatty acids.

Question 37

Cytoskeleton is made up of microtubules and

Answer 37

Filaments

Question 38

What is the function of the cytoskeleton?

Answer 38

Cell shape, mechanical strength for protection, movement within the cell and cell division

Question 39

What are the 3 protein filaments?

Answer 39

Microfilaments e.g actin Microtubules e.g. Tubulin Intermediate filaments. E,g cytokeratin

Question 40

What are centrioles?

Answer 40

Pair of replicating organelles found within centrosomes located just outside the nucleous

Question 41

Centrioles are at with angle to each other

Answer 41

Right

Question 42

Function of centrioles?

Answer 42

Duplicates before mitosis Produce microtubules Role in spindle formation

Question 43

Which cells lack centrioles?

Answer 43

Red blood cell, muscle cells and nervous cells

Question 44

Cilia and flagellum are constructed from?

Answer 44

Microtubules

Question 45

The entire assembly in the cilia and flagellum are an extension from the

Answer 45

Plasma membrane

Question 46

3 types cell junctions are

Answer 46

Tight junction or occludens Nexus/ gap junction Adherens type