Cell Structure Flashcards
(48 cards)
Where do proteins go after being made?
Through Golgi apparatus
along micro tubes
Through secretory vesicle
➡Exocytosis
P+A
What five things make up the nucleus?
Nuclear envelope ✉ Nuclear pore Nucleolus Nucleoplasm Chromatin
What contains the large vacuole?
Tonoplast
What holds cells together?
Middle lamella
Purpose of nucleus
Contains DNA - controls protein synthesis
Controls cell activity
Nucleolus purpose
Produces ribosomes
Nuclear envelope purpose
Bilayer that surrounds nucleus with pores for transport in/out
Difference between rough and smooth endoplasmic recticulum
Rough: embedded ribosomes
Smooth: none
Purpose of endoplasmic reticulum
Tubular network: nuclear envelope➡cytoplasm➡plasma membrane for exocytosis
Transports
Golgi apparatus purpose
Produces glycoproteins
Packages proteins for transport
Define eukaryotic
Have a TRUE NUCLEUS
Have MEMBRANE BOUND ORGANELLES- allows for compartmentalisation
Define resolution
Ability of microscope to distinguish between two points. Without high resolution, increased magnification is redundant
What are cell walls made up of?
Cellulose fibres and polysaccharides held together with transpeptinase
Why might chloroplasts move about under the microscope?
Cytoplasmic streaming
If you remove organelles from the cytoplasm, what do you have?
Soluble ctyosol
What does the cytosol consist of?
Mainly water with dissolved substances like amino acids, and other substances like proteins and enzymes
Purpose of SER
Production of lipids and steroids
Where would you expect to see a lot of SER in a cell? Why?
Liver, lipids are metabolised here
Vesicle containing digestive enzymes is called a…?
Lysosome
Define lysosome
Vesicle containing digestive enzymes
What are lysosomes used for?
Endocytosis
To break down redundant organelles
Defining feature of mitochondria
Two membranes
Name the projective membrane folds in the mitochondria
Cristae
Name the space inside the mitochondria
The matrix
