Cell Structure

Question 1

Cell

Answer 1

Smallest living component in an organism

Question 2

Organelle

Answer 2

Specialised membrane bound compartment within a cell that has a specific function

Question 3

Cell membrane

Answer 3

The boundary of the cell that controls what enters and leaves the cell

Question 4

Cytoplasm

Answer 4

The clear, jelly like fluid where the organelles float in

Question 5

Ribosomes

Answer 5

Tiny red dots in the cell that produce protein

Question 6

Nucleus

Answer 6

Controls the activities of the cell and holds its genetic information

Question 7

Mitochondrion

Answer 7

The power house of the cell that provides the cell with energy through respiration

Question 8

Cell wall

Answer 8

Provides the cell with strength, support and a defined shape

Question 9

Vacuole

Answer 9

Large fluid filled sac that stores water, food and waste and helps the cell hold its shape

Question 10

Prokaryotic

Answer 10

A cell that doesn’t have a nucleus or membrane bound organelles

Question 11

Chloroplast

Answer 11

The part the cell that captures light for photosynthesis through the pigment chlorophyll

Question 12

Eukaryotic

Answer 12

A cell that has a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

Question 13

What is found in a plant cell but not an animal cell?

Answer 13

Vacuole, chloroplast and cell wall

Question 14

Chromatin

Answer 14

Name given to chromosomes when they are elongated and not dividing

Question 15

Light/compound microscopes

Answer 15

Use light to show an image

Question 16

Electron microscopes

Answer 16

Use beam of electrons to show image

Question 17

Eyepiece

Answer 17

Contains the eyepiece lens which magnifies the image

Question 18

Nosepiece

Answer 18

Rotatable part of the microscope that carries the objective lens

Question 19

Objective lens

Answer 19

Magnifies the image x4,x10,x40

Question 20

Stage

Answer 20

Where the Slide is placed

Question 21

Stage clips

Answer 21

Holds the slide in place

Question 22

Iris diaphragm

Answer 22

Controls the amount of light passing through the stage

Question 23

Light source

Answer 23

Shines light through specimen

Question 24

Course focus wheel

Answer 24

Makes large adjustments to the clarity of the image

Question 25

Fine focus wheel

Answer 25

For precise focusing of the image

Question 26

Micrograph

Answer 26

An image formed from an electron microscope

Question 27

What are the two types of electron microscopes

Answer 27

Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM)

Question 28

Transmission electron microscope

Answer 28

Uses beam of electrons to show the internal structure of the specimen

Question 29

Scanning electron microscope

Answer 29

Uses beam of electrons to show the surface view of the specimen

Question 30

What are the parts of a light microscope

Answer 30

Eyepiece, nosepiece, objective lens, course focus wheel, fine focus wheel, stage, stage clips, iris diaphragm, light

Question 31

What are cell membranes made of?

Answer 31

Phospholipids and protein

Question 32

What are the parts of the mitochondria ?

Answer 32

Outer membrane, inner membrane, loop of dna, infolding

Question 33

Protoplasm

Answer 33

All the living parts of the cell - nucleus and cytoplasm

Question 34

Nucleolus

Answer 34

The dark part of the cell that makes ribosomes

Question 35

Examples of prokaryotic cells

Answer 35

Bacteria

Question 36

Examples of eukaryotic cells

Answer 36

Fungi, plants and animals

Question 37

Stains for cells

Answer 37

Plants= iodine & animals = methylene blue

Question 38

Ultrastructure

Answer 38

The detail of a structure as seen by an electron microscope

Question 39

Parts of the cell membrane

Answer 39

Phosphate head, lipid tail, pore, protein, phosphate molecule

Question 40

Parts of the nucleus

Answer 40

Nucleolus, chromatin, nuclear pore, nuclear membrane