Cell Structure

Question 1

Nucleus.

Answer 1

Surrounded by a double membrane with pores: nucleic envelope. Contains chromatin and nucleolus: site of ribosome production.

Question 2

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)

Answer 2

Series of flattened sacs enclosed by membrane. Ribosomes on surface. Folds and processes proteins made on ribosome.

Question 3

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)

Answer 3

System of membrane bound sacs. Produces and processes lipids.

Question 4

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 4

Series of flattened, fluid-filled, curved sacs with vesicles around edges. Processes and packages proteins and lipids. Produces lysosomes.

Question 5

Mitochondia

Answer 5

Oval shaped, bound by a double membrane: envelope. Inner membrane folded forms cristae. Matrix on inside containing enzymes for respiration.

Question 6

Centrioles

Answer 6

Hollow cylinders with ring of microtubules at right angles to each other. Involved with cell division.

Question 7

Ribosomes

Answer 7

Two sub units. Site of protein synthesis.

Question 8

Lysosome

Answer 8

Vesicle containing digestive enzymes. Bound by single membrane.

Question 9

Cytoskeleton

Answer 9

Provides mechanical strength to cell. Aids transport within cell. Enables cell movement.

Question 10

Cell wall

Answer 10

Rigid structure. Cellulose in plants. Chitin in fungi. Peptidoglycan in bacteria.

Question 11

Capsule

Answer 11

Protective slime layer. Helps cell retain moisture. Adhesion to surfaces.

Question 12

Plasmid

Answer 12

Circular piece of DNA

Question 13

Flagellum

Answer 13

Tail like structure which rotates to move cell.

Question 14

Pili

Answer 14

Hair-like structure which attach to other bacterial cells.