cell structure (eukaryotic cells)

Question 1

which organelles do animal cells contain?

Answer 1

plasma membrane 
rough endoplasmic reticulum 
smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
nucleus 
nuclear envelope 
nucleolus
mitochondria 
cytoplasm 
golgi apparatus 
ribosome 
lysosome

Question 2

which additional organelles do plant cells contain?

Answer 2

chloroplasts
plasmodema
vacuole
cell wall

Question 3

what are the similarities between plant and fungal cells?

Answer 3

have the same organelles, including a cell wall and chloroplasts

Question 4

what are the differences between plant and fungal cells?

Answer 4

fungal cell walls are made of chitin not cellulose

fungal cells don’t have chloroplasts

Question 5

what is the structure of the cell surface membrane?

Answer 5

phospholipid bilayer

Question 6

what is the function of the cell surface membrane?

Answer 6

controls entry and exit into the cell

Question 7

what is the structure of the nucleus?

Answer 7

surrounded by a nuclear envelope with pores, contains chromosomes and nucleolus

Question 8

what is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 8

site of DNA replication and transcription

Question 9

what is the structure of the mitochondria?

Answer 9

double membrane, inner membrane is the cristae, contains a fluid matrix and loops of DNA

Question 10

what is the function of the mitochondria?

Answer 10

to produce energy

Question 11

what is the structure of the chloroplasts?

Answer 11

double membrane, thylakoid membranes, stroma contains enzymes for photosynthesis

Question 12

what is the function of the chloroplasts?

Answer 12

contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis

Question 13

what is the structure of the vacuole?

Answer 13

fluid filled, surrounded by tonoplast

Question 14

what is the function of the vacuole?

Answer 14

aim is to keep the cell turgid, temporary store

Question 15

what is the structure of the Golgi apparatus?

Answer 15

flattened sacs

Question 16

what is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Answer 16

process and package lipids and proteins

make lysosomes

Question 17

what is the structure of the golgi vesicle?

Answer 17

fluid filled sac

Question 18

what is the function of the golgi vesicle?

Answer 18

stores lipids and proteins made by the Golgi apparatus and transports them out of the cell

Question 19

what is the structure of lysosomes?

Answer 19

bags of digestive enzymes

Question 20

what is the function of lysosomes?

Answer 20

lysozymes are digestive enzymes which digest invading cells or invading parts of the cell

Question 21

what is the structure of ribosomes?

Answer 21

made of proteins and RNA

Question 22

what is the function of ribosomes?

Answer 22

protein synthesis

Question 23

what is the structure of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 23

folded membrane with ribosomes

Question 24

what is the structure of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 24

folded membrane (no ribosomes)

Question 25

what is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 25

folds and processes proteins

Question 26

what is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 26

synthesises and processes lipids

Question 27

what is the structure of the cell wall?

Answer 27

made of cellulose/chitin

Question 28

what is the function of the cell wall?

Answer 28

structural strength