cell structure for A level Biology

Question 1

What is the basic unit of life?

Answer 1

The cell.

Question 2

True or False: All living organisms are made up of cells.

Answer 2

True.

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the control center of the cell.

Answer 3

nucleus.

Question 4

What structure regulates what enters and leaves the cell?

Answer 4

Cell membrane.

Question 5

Which organelle is responsible for energy production?

Answer 5

Mitochondria.

Question 6

What is the function of ribosomes?

Answer 6

Protein synthesis.

Question 7

Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT an organelle? A) Nucleus B) Cytoplasm C) Chloroplast D) Ribosome

Answer 7

B) Cytoplasm.

Question 8

True or False: Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus.

Answer 8

False.

Question 9

What is the primary function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 9

Protein synthesis and processing.

Question 10

Fill in the blank: The __________ is involved in lipid synthesis.

Answer 10

smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 11

What structure provides support and shape to plant cells?

Answer 11

Cell wall.

Question 12

Which organelle is involved in photosynthesis?

Answer 12

Chloroplast.

Question 13

Multiple choice: Which of the following structures is found only in plant cells? A) Cell membrane B) Mitochondria C) Chloroplast D) Ribosome

Answer 13

C) Chloroplast.

Question 14

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Answer 14

Modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins.

Question 15

True or False: Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes.

Answer 15

True.

Question 16

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the jelly-like substance inside the cell.

Answer 16

cytoplasm.

Question 17

What is the primary role of the cytoskeleton?

Answer 17

Maintaining cell shape and facilitating movement.

Question 18

Multiple choice: Which type of cell lacks membrane-bound organelles? A) Eukaryotic B) Prokaryotic C) Both A and B D) Neither A nor B

Answer 18

B) Prokaryotic.

Question 19

What is the function of vacuoles in plant cells?

Answer 19

Storage of substances and maintaining turgor pressure.

Question 20

True or False: All cells have a cell wall.

Answer 20

False.

Question 21

Fill in the blank: The __________ is responsible for the synthesis of lipids.

Answer 21

smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 22

What type of molecule is primarily found in the cell membrane?

Answer 22

Phospholipids.

Question 23

Multiple choice: Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell? A) Ribosome B) Golgi apparatus C) Mitochondria D) Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 23

C) Mitochondria.

Question 24

What is the role of the nuclear envelope?

Answer 24

To protect the nucleus and regulate the passage of materials in and out.

Question 25

True or False: Centrioles are found in plant cells.

Answer 25

False.

Question 26

Fill in the blank: The __________ is a network of protein filaments that helps the cell maintain its shape.

Answer 26

cytoskeleton.

Question 27

What is the function of peroxisomes?

Answer 27

Breaking down fatty acids and detoxifying harmful substances.

Question 28

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a function of the cell membrane? A) Energy production B) Protein synthesis C) Selective permeability D) Genetic information storage

Answer 28

C) Selective permeability.

Question 29

What is the primary component of the cell wall in plants?

Answer 29

Cellulose.

Question 30

True or False: Eukaryotic cells are generally larger than prokaryotic cells.

Answer 30

True.

Question 31

Fill in the blank: The __________ contains the genetic material of the cell.

Answer 31

nucleus.

Question 32

What is the role of the nucleolus?

Answer 32

To produce ribosomal RNA (rRNA).

Question 33

Multiple choice: Which structure is involved in detoxification of drugs and poisons? A) Ribosome B) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum C) Golgi apparatus D) Lysosome

Answer 33

B) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 34

What is the function of the plasma membrane?

Answer 34

To protect the cell and control the movement of substances in and out.

Question 35

True or False: Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll.

Answer 35

True.

Question 36

Fill in the blank: The __________ is a double membrane that surrounds the nucleus.

Answer 36

nuclear envelope.

Question 37

What is the difference between rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 37

Rough ER has ribosomes on its surface; smooth ER does not.

Question 38

Multiple choice: Which organelle is involved in modifying proteins? A) Ribosome B) Golgi apparatus C) Nucleus D) Lysosome

Answer 38

B) Golgi apparatus.

Question 39

What is the function of lysosomes?

Answer 39

To digest macromolecules and recycle cellular components.

Question 40

True or False: The cell membrane is impermeable to all substances.

Answer 40

False.

Question 41

Fill in the blank: The __________ are small hair-like structures that help in cell movement.

Answer 41

cilia.

Question 42

What is the primary function of the cell wall?

Answer 42

To provide structural support and protection.

Question 43

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a function of mitochondria? A) Photosynthesis B) Cellular respiration C) Protein synthesis D) DNA replication

Answer 43

B) Cellular respiration.

Question 44

What is the role of the cytoplasm?

Answer 44

To hold organelles in place and allow biochemical reactions.

Question 45

True or False: Ribosomes can be found freely floating in the cytoplasm.

Answer 45

True.

Question 46

Fill in the blank: The __________ is responsible for packaging proteins into vesicles.

Answer 46

Golgi apparatus.

Question 47

What are the two main types of cells?

Answer 47

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Question 48

Multiple choice: Which structure is responsible for maintaining the shape of a plant cell? A) Cytoplasm B) Cell membrane C) Cell wall D) Nucleus

Answer 48

C) Cell wall.

Question 49

What is the function of the cell membrane's phospholipid bilayer?

Answer 49

To create a semi-permeable barrier.

Question 50

True or False: Animal cells have a cell wall.

Answer 50

False.

Question 51

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the site of ATP production.

Answer 51

mitochondria.

Question 52

What structure helps in the movement of chromosomes during cell division?

Answer 52

Centrioles.

Question 53

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a characteristic of prokaryotic cells? A) Nucleus B) Membrane-bound organelles C) Circular DNA D) Linear DNA

Answer 53

C) Circular DNA.

Question 54

What is the primary function of chlorophyll?

Answer 54

To absorb light energy for photosynthesis.

Question 55

True or False: The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis of proteins and lipids.

Answer 55

True.

Question 56

Fill in the blank: The __________ is a small, membrane-bound sac that transports substances within the cell.

Answer 56

vesicle.

Question 57

What is the primary role of the cell's cytoskeleton?

Answer 57

To provide structural support and facilitate intracellular transport.

Question 58

Multiple choice: Which organelle is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances? A) Mitochondria B) Golgi apparatus C) Lysosome D) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 58

D) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 59

What is the function of the extracellular matrix?

Answer 59

To provide structural and biochemical support to surrounding cells.