Cell Structure Model Questions

Question 1

Name one structure present in animal cells that is not present in plant cells.

Name two features of plant cells that are not features of animal cells.

Answer 1

Centrioles

Chloroplast, permanent vacuole

Question 2

The cytoskeleton in cells consists of microtubules and microfilaments. Describe the roles of the cytoskeleton.

Answer 2

Whole cell support/scaffolding/stability
Changing the shape of cells eg phagocytosis
Movement of organelles eg vesicles within cell
Movement of flagella
Movement of chromosomes
Microtubule is hollow protein cylinder made of tubular and uses ATP for movement
Microfilament is a small solid strand made of actin

Question 3

The pancreas is an organ that secretes protease enzymes.
Outline how the organelles in pancreatic cells work together to produce and release these
protein molecules from the cells.

Answer 3

Nucleus is site of transcription and produces mRNA
mRNA travels to free roaming ribosomes of ribosomes in RER through nuclear pores in nuclear envelope
Ribosomes are site of protein synthesis
Proteins are transported to Golgi apparatus by vesicles
Golgi apparatus modifies proteins (with carbohydrates,ions,lipids etc) and processes proteins then repackages into vesicles
Vesicles fuse with plasma membrane to release contents

Question 4

A student suggested that the details of component C could be seen clearly with a very good light microscope.
Explain why the student is not correct.
2 points

Answer 4

Mitochondrion is too small
Resolution is not high enough
Wave length of light is too long

Question 5

Staining is a process often used in microscopy.
Describe the advantages of staining specimens to be viewed under a microscope.
2 points

Answer 5

Makes the organelles more visible

Increases contrast between organelles