CELL STRUCTURES Flashcards
Was the one who termed the word “CELL” and when
ROBERT HOOKE, 1665
Who first describe living cells and when did he/she describe them?
ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK, 1675
Who are Schleiden, Schwann and Virchow?
authors of cell theory
Series of lenses that magnify objects
COMPOUND LIGHT MICROSCOPE
Give the 3 cell theories
- Cell is the basic, functional, and structural unit of all life.
- All living things are composed of cells, cell parts, and cell products
- All cells come from pre-existing cells
It boomed during the 1940s and it aims a beam of electrons through a magnetic field; it uses electromagnets
Electron Microscope
What is SEM, TEM & STEM?
SEM - Scanning Electron Microscope
TEM - Transmission Electron Microscopic-slice
STEM - Scanning Tunneling Electron Microscope
What’s the difference between SEM, TEM & STEM
SEM - ion coated; shows a 3-d surface
TEM - stained with metal ions
STEM - creates 3d surface image of a living thing
2 kinds of cells
PROKARYOTIC & EUKARYOTIC
What’s the difference between pro & eu?
PRO:
doesnt have a membrane-bound nucleus & membrane-bound organelles
most are SINGLE-CELLED
EU:
nucleus is enclosed with a nuclear membrane
have membrane-bound organelles
either single/multicellular celled
Give examples of both pro & eu
PRO - bacteria, cyanobacteria
EU -animals, plants, protists, fungi
Give the parts of the cell under cell structures
PLASMA CELL MEMBRANE, CYTOPLASM, CELL WALL (cell wall is only in plants)
Give ALL kinds of organelles found in the cells
Nucleus Ribosomes Golgi Apparatus Lysosomes Endoplasmic Reticulum Mitochondria Centrioles Vacuoles Chloroplasts
Give the parts of the cell that are under movement and support
CYTOSKELETON, CILIA, FLAGELLA
Organelles that are only found in animal cells and aids in cell division in animal cells
CENTRIOLES
Storage vessels found within the cell and plants usually have large ones of these. While in animals there are small or sometimes even absent
VACUOLES
It stores food, water, waste products
VACUOLES
What is a CONTRACTILE VACUOLE?
specialized vacuole to remove excess water from unicellular aquatic organisms
Organelles that are only found in plants and are filled with chlorophyll
CHLOROPLASTS
Function of chloroplasts
transform light energy to store energy
What are GRANA & STROMA?
G - stacked membranous sacs
S - fluid that surround grana
Another thing that is found only on plants
CELL WALL
Why can’t cells grow to a large size?
it is because of the ability of the cell membrane to absorb and release substances that prevents them from growing large.
SURFACE-AREA-TO-VOLUME RATIO -there isn’t enough surface area to absorb nutrients quickly enough to keep the cell alive as it grows larger.
