Cell The Unit Of Life Flashcards
(28 cards)
What is the nucleus?
A small spherical mass located somewhat in the center of the cytoplasm.
The nucleus is essential for cellular function and contains genetic material.
What is the structure that fills the nucleus?
Nucleoplasm
Nucleoplasm is a viscous fluid similar to cytoplasm.
What are chromatin fibers?
Thread-like structures found in the nucleoplasm.
Chromatin fibers condense to form chromosomes during cell division.
What are chromosomes?
Thick, ribbon-like structures formed from chromatin fibers during cell division.
Chromosomes carry genetic information.
What are prokaryotic cells?
Cells without a nuclear membrane.
Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, have nuclear material called chromatin fibers that occur freely in the nucleoid.
What are eukaryotic cells?
Cells with a double nuclear membrane.
Eukaryotic cells include all organisms other than bacteria.
What is the role of the nucleolus?
Participates in protein synthesis of ribosomes.
The nucleolus is typically present in the nucleus and may vary in number.
How many chromosomes do human body cells have?
46 chromosomes (23 pairs).
Chromosome numbers vary among different species.
What is DNA made of?
A complex chemical substance that forms genes.
DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid.
What determines the characteristics of a species?
The genes, not the number of chromosomes.
Different species can have the same number of chromosomes but look different due to variations in their genes.
What is DNA fingerprinting?
A technique used to identify individuals based on variations in non-functional DNA regions.
DNA fingerprinting can also help ascertain parentage.
Fill in the blank: Chromosomes carry the ______ from the parents to the offspring.
genetic characters
This transfer occurs through the union of egg and sperm.
True or False: The number of chromosomes is the same across all species.
False
Each species has a definite number of chromosomes that can vary significantly.
List some organisms and their chromosome numbers: Maize, Honey-bee, Lion.
Maize: 20
Honey-bee: 16
Lion: 38
This illustrates the diversity of chromosome numbers in different species.
What is the nucleus?
A small spherical mass located somewhat in the center of the cytoplasm.
The nucleus is essential for cellular function and contains genetic material.
What is the structure that fills the nucleus?
Nucleoplasm
Nucleoplasm is a viscous fluid similar to cytoplasm.
What are chromatin fibers?
Thread-like structures found in the nucleoplasm.
Chromatin fibers condense to form chromosomes during cell division.
What are chromosomes?
Thick, ribbon-like structures formed from chromatin fibers during cell division.
Chromosomes carry genetic information.
What are prokaryotic cells?
Cells without a nuclear membrane.
Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, have nuclear material called chromatin fibers that occur freely in the nucleoid.
What are eukaryotic cells?
Cells with a double nuclear membrane.
Eukaryotic cells include all organisms other than bacteria.
What is the role of the nucleolus?
Participates in protein synthesis of ribosomes.
The nucleolus is typically present in the nucleus and may vary in number.
How many chromosomes do human body cells have?
46 chromosomes (23 pairs).
Chromosome numbers vary among different species.
What is DNA made of?
A complex chemical substance that forms genes.
DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid.
What determines the characteristics of a species?
The genes, not the number of chromosomes.
Different species can have the same number of chromosomes but look different due to variations in their genes.
