Cell theory

Question 1

all organisms are composed of

Answer 1

one or more cells

Question 2

are the smallest and basic units of structure and function in organisms

Answer 2

cell

Question 3

cell arise only from

Answer 3

previously existing cells

Question 4

organisms are either

Answer 4

prokarykotic or eukaryotic cells

Question 5

a gel-like substance making up the cells internal
environment and where organelles are suspended in microscopic fibers called—-

Answer 5

Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton

Question 6

an outer boundary that regulates the passage of materials into and out of the cell

Answer 6

cell membrane / plasma membrane

Question 6

what are the two main types of cells

Answer 6

prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Question 7

it is the first cell to develop about 3.8 billion years ago

Answer 7

prokaryotes

Question 8

a central genetic region containing the genetic material in the form of DNA that provides instructions to make proteins, regulates activities and enables cells to reproduce

Answer 8

nucleus

Question 9

simple organisms possessing cells that are smaller in size with simple internal structures

Answer 9

prokaryotes

Question 10

life forms such as bacteria, algae and archeans

Answer 10

prokaryotes

Question 11

a larger size and more complex structural components that was found 1.8 billion years ago

Answer 11

eukaryotes

Question 11

have genetic material (DNA) encased within a distinct nucleus

Answer 11

eukaryotes

Question 12

higher form of organisms such as fungi, plants, animals and protist

Answer 12

eukaryotes

Question 13

a living system that controls the passage of needed materials into and out of the cell

Answer 13

cell membrane / plasma membrane

Question 13

a thin barrier that forms a boundary separating an individual cell from an external environment

Answer 13

cell membrane / plasma membrane

Question 14

have many membrane-bound interior compartments and their organelles are neatly arranged

Answer 14

eukaryotes

Question 15

molecules help strengthen the cell membrane, making it more flexible but less fluid, which makes the membrane less permeable to water-soluble substances such as ions or simple sugars

Answer 15

cholesterol

Question 16

attached to membrane proteins serves as identification tags, enabling cells to distinguish one type of cell from another

Answer 16

carbohydrates

Question 16

a type of membrane protein

extend from the phospholipid layer to help materials cross the membrane

Answer 16

transport proteins

Question 17

form tunnels that helps cells to import or export needed materials and expel wastes

Answer 17

channel proteins

Question 18

enables cells to distinguish own cells from that of other organisms such as pathogens that may invade the body

Answer 18

cell recognition proteins

Question 19

participate in metabolic reactions such as degradative and synthetic reactions

Answer 19

enzymatic proteins

Question 20

act as a muscle and skeleton to maintain cell shape and motility

Answer 20

cytoskeleton proteins

Question 20

assist cell to cell adhesion and communication between cells

Answer 20

junction proteins

Question 21

facilitate exchange of signals with other cells by changing shape to allow a specific molecule, the ligand, to bind to it

Answer 21

receptors proteins

Question 22

an additional boundary for plants, algae, fungi, and some bacteria

Answer 22

cell wall

Question 23

first to be credited in publishing of seeing a cell in 1666

Answer 23

robert hooke (1635-1703)

Question 24

his drawings were collected in a manuscript called----

Answer 24

robert hooke (1635-1703), micrographia

Question 25

a dutch naturalist, credited to be the first to study magnified cells

Answer 25

antonie van leeuwenhoek(1632-1723)

Question 26

first invention was a simple microscope with only one lens

Answer 26

antonie van leeuwenhoek(1632-1723)

Question 27

most commemorative work came from a thin slice of cork from a bark of an oak tree

Answer 27

robert hooke (1635-1703)

Question 28

german botanist, focused on the study of plant cells

Answer 28

Mathias Jakob Schleiden (1804-1881)

Question 28

he did not use the word cells and referred them as "animalcules" he was the first to observe living cells

Answer 28

antonie van leeuwenhoek(1632-1723)

Question 29

german physiologist, examined animal cells

Answer 29

Theodor Schwann (1810-1862)

Question 30

german physician, proposed a third tenet in the cell theory, he states that all cells come from other cells through the process of cell division

Answer 30

Rudolf Carl Virchow