Cells

Question 1

Function of plasma membrane

Answer 1

Boundary of the cell. Involved in membrane transport

Question 2

Structure of plasma membrane

Answer 2

Bilayer of phospholipids, glycolipids, and glycoproteins

Question 3

Structure of microvilli

Answer 3

Numerous tiny folds containing microfilaments

Question 4

Function of microvilli

Answer 4

Allow greater surface area for absorption

Question 5

Structure of Cilia

Answer 5

Part of the plasma membrane; numerous short extensions containing microtubules.

Question 6

Function of Cilia

Answer 6

Move substances such as mucus

Question 7

Structure of Flagellum

Answer 7

Part of plasma membrane; long extension of sperm cell containing microtubules.

Question 8

Function of flagellum

Answer 8

Moves sperm

Question 9

Structure of nucleus

Answer 9

Large structure in middle of cell

Question 10

Function of nucleus

Answer 10

Center of cellular control

Question 11

Structure of nuclear envelope

Answer 11

Double membrane boundary of nucleus with pores; blends with rough RER

Question 12

Function of nuclear envelope

Answer 12

Passageway between nucleus and cytoplasm

Question 13

Structure of nucleolus

Answer 13

No membrane. Contains ribosomal RNA and protein. In center of nucleus

Question 14

Function of nucleolus

Answer 14

Forms the ribosomes

Question 15

Structure of chromatin

Answer 15

Strands of DNA and protein; looks like squiggly lines INSIDE of nucleus

Question 16

Function of chromatin

Answer 16

DNA Represents genetic control for protein synthesis

Question 17

Structure of Cytoplasm

Answer 17

Contents between plasma membrane and nucleus containing cytosol fluid and organelles

Question 18

Function of cytoplasm

Answer 18

Location of numerous cellular processes

Question 19

Structure of membrane bound organelles

Answer 19

Organelles possessing a membrane covering

Question 20

Function of membrane-bound organelle

Answer 20

Various functions depending on organelle

Question 21

Structure of Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)

Answer 21

Extensive membrane network with attached ribosomes

Question 22

Function of RER

Answer 22

Site of protein synthesis with ribosomes; cellular transport

Question 23

Structure of smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 23

Extensive membrane network lacking ribosomes

Question 24

Function of SER

Answer 24

Site of lipid synthesis; cellular transport

Question 25

Structure of mitochondria

Answer 25

Possess double membrane with folded inner membrane. (Look like beans)

Question 26

Function of mitochondria

Answer 26

Referred to as powerhouse of cell because they contain the most energy. Synthesis of ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

Question 27

Structure of Golgi apparatus (complex)

Answer 27

Often near nucleus; series of bunches up flattened sacs

Question 28

Function of Golgi apparatus

Answer 28

Packaging site of glycoproteins for transport and secretion

Question 29

Structure of vesicles

Answer 29

Membranous sacs containing various substances

Question 30

Function of vesicles

Answer 30

Store or transport cellular substances

Question 31

Structure of lysosomes

Answer 31

Sacs containing digestive (eating) enzymes

Question 32

Function of lysosome

Answer 32

Sites that destroy (eat) cellular debris and worn-out organelles.

Question 33

Structure of peroxisomes

Answer 33

Small sacs containing oxidative enzymes; abundant in liver and kidney cells. Smaller than lysosome

Question 34

Function of peroxisomes

Answer 34

Detoxify harmful cellular substances

Question 35

Structure of ribosomes

Answer 35

Contain ribosomal RNA and protein; attached to rough ER or free roaming in cytoplasm

Question 36

Function of ribosomes

Answer 36

Sites of protein synthesis

Question 37

Structure of Centrosome

Answer 37

Area near nucleus containing a pair of centrioles

Question 38

Function of centrosome

Answer 38

Formation center to produce microtubules and spindle fibers for cell division

Question 39

Structure of Cytoskeleton: Microtubules

Answer 39

Hollow cylinders of proteins in cilia, flagella, and centrioles

Question 40

Function of cytoskeleton microtubules

Answer 40

Involved with support and movement within cell

Question 41

Structure of Cytoskeleton: Intermediate filaments

Answer 41

Various protein fibers

Question 42

Function of Cytoskeleton: Intermediate Filaments

Answer 42

Provides support and shape for cell

Question 43

Structure of Cytoskeleton: microfilaments

Answer 43

Fine threads of a protein

Question 44

Function of Cytoskeleton: microfilaments

Answer 44

Aids in maintenance and changing of cell shape; aids in muscle contractions.