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Biology year 11 > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

1
Q

What is a cell

A

The smallest building block of life

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2
Q

What does MRS GREN stand for

A

movement, respiration, sensitivity, Growth, reproductivity, excretion, nutrition

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3
Q

What are organelles

A

A small structure in a cell with a specific function

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4
Q

What does cytoplasm do

A

Produces chemical reaction

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5
Q

What does a nucleus do

A

Controls the activity of cells

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6
Q

What does mitochondria do

A

Site of respiration

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7
Q

What do ribosomes do

A

Site of protein

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8
Q

What does the cell membrane do

A

Controls what leaves and enters a cell

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9
Q

What does a cell wall do

A

Structures and supports the cell

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10
Q

What do chloroplasts do

A

Site of photosynthesis

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11
Q

What do vacuoles do

A

Ensures the cell wall is sturdy

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12
Q

How do you work out total magnification

A

Eyepiece x Objective = Total magnification

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13
Q

How do you work out Image size

A

Actual size x magnification = Image size

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14
Q

What is a prokaryotic cell

A

A single celled organism with no nucleus

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15
Q

What is a eukaryotic cell

A

Any cell that possesses a clearly defined nucleus

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16
Q

What is a specialised cell

A

A cell that has been differentiated to perform a function

17
Q

How are muscles cells differentiated to perform their function

A

Have many mitochondria for more energy in respiration

18
Q

How are nerves cells differentiated to perform their function

A

Has myelin insulation to help transmission signals

19
Q

How are sperm cells differentiated to perform their function

A

Have a tail to allow the sperm to swim to the egg

20
Q

How is a xylem differentiated to perform there function

A

holes on either side to allow water to move sideways

21
Q

What is a chromosome and how many do humans have

A

46 chromosomes, Made up of protein and dna

22
Q

What is a stem cell

A

An undifferentiated cell that can produce specialised cells

23
Q

What is an adult stem cell

A

Found in bone marrow and can become either a red or white blood cell

24
Q

What is a plant stem cell

A

undifferentiated cells located in the meristems of plants

25
Q

What is diffusion

A

Movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration, down a gradient through a semi permeable membrame

26
Q

What are factors that can affect diffusion

A

Temperature, Surface area, Concentration and distance

27
Q

What is osmosis

A

Diffusion of water molecules from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution through a semipermeable membrane

28
Q

What does hyptonic mean

A

Low solute

29
Q

What does isotonic mean

A

Equal solute

30
Q

what does hypertonic mean

A

High solute

31
Q

What is active transport

A

partially permeable membrane moves particles from a low concentration to a higher concentration this is against the concentration gradient

Biology year 11 (2 decks)

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